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  3. Recently government agencies in some big cities have been studying the possibility of putting a "pollution tax" on private cars.

Recently government agencies in some big cities have been studying the possibility of putting a "pollution tax" on private cars.

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问题     Recently government agencies in some big cities have been studying the possibility of putting a "pollution tax" on private cars. The amount of tax private car owners would have to pay would depend on the emission levels, i. e. engine or vehicle size. This has caused quite a stir among the public. Some regard it as an effective way to control the number of cars and reduce pollution in the city. But others don’t think so. What is your opinion?
    Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
    Should Private Car Owners Be Taxed for Pollution?
    You are to write in three parts.
    In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.
    In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion.
    In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.
    Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks. [2011年真题]
选项
答案 Should Private Car Owners Be Taxed for Pollution? Nowadays, an increasing number of Chinese people own their private cars, so putting a " pollution tax" on private cars has become a hot topic among the public. Some people are in favor of this idea while others are against it. As far as I am concerned, private car owners should be taxed for pollution, for it is an effective measure to protect our environment. First of all, levying the pollution tax can reduce the number of private cars greatly. Accordingly, the carbon emissions will be reduced owing to the decreased number of private cars. As a result, the serious air pollution in the city can be effectively controlled. Moreover, the heavy traffic pressure on the city will be relieved effectively as a result of the reduction of private cars. Thus, our living environment will be greatly improved. In addition, considering travel costs, most private car owners will be willing to choose "green travel". For example, they will he inclined to choose public transport, cycling and other green travel ways. All in all, there are more and more environmental and social problems caused by the growing number of private cars, and it is high time that we protected our environment. Therefore, levying the pollution tax on private car owners is a proper and effective measure to control the number of cars and reduce pollution in the city.
解析     本题要求考生论述是否应该向私家车主征收污染税。近年来，随着我国经济迅速发展，越来越多的人开始拥有汽车，由此产生的一系列环境问题引起了人们的广泛关注，因此这个话题对考生来说并不陌生。对于该题目，考生首先应根据个人见解选择一种立意：第一种是论述应该征收污染税。私家车越来越多，产生了很多问题，征税可以起到一定的遏制作用；第二种是论述不应该征收污染税。具体到文章的结构安排，根据题目要求，首先可以引出征收污染税这个话题，然后提出自己对征收污染税的看法；接着根据立意阐述所选择的观点，比如，若选择论述私家车主应该被征收污染税，考生可论述征税可以减少私家车的数量，降低碳排放量，从而减轻空气污染，同时缓解交通拥堵，还可以使私家车主自觉地选择“绿色出行”等；最后总结全文，重申观点。
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