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  3. Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its

Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its

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问题     Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its advantages. He gives as an example the process by which pins were made in England.
    "One man draws out the wire; another strengthens it; a third cuts it; a fourth points it; a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head. To make the head requires two or three operations. To put it on is a separate operation, to polish the pins is another. And the important business of making pins is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will some times perform two or three of them. "
    Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4 800 pins per worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, none of them could have made twenty pins in a day and perhaps not even one.
    There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still (停滞不前). But division of labor adds nothing new; it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.
According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to______.
选项 A、take advantage of the division of labor
B、introduce the division of labor into England
C、understand the effects of the division of labor
D、explain the causes of the division of labor
答案C
解析 本文是关于英国经济学家亚当·斯密(1723一1790)及其分工理论的文章。此题是一道具体细节性问题，利用查阅式阅读法，我们可以从文章第一段的第一句话中推断出本题的正确答案应是C“亚当·斯密是第一个了解劳动分工能提高生产效率的人”。
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