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  3. What do you do when a charismatic marine mammal is wreaking havoc by gorging on a threatened species that humans also find delic

What do you do when a charismatic marine mammal is wreaking havoc by gorging on a threatened species that humans also find delic

admin2015-03-25  31
问题     What do you do when a charismatic marine mammal is wreaking havoc by gorging on a threatened species that humans also find delicious? That’s the awkward problem faced by wildlife managers along the Columbia River in Washington and Oregon states, where sea lions have been congregating for the past decade to feast on salmon waiting to climb the fish ladders at the base of the Bonneville Dam on their spring voyage upriver to spawn.
    To protect the Chinook salmon and steelhead in the river, some of which are listed as threatened populations, in 2008 the states of Washington and Oregon obtained permission from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in Silver Spring, Maryland, to kill California sea lions(which are normally protected)seen feeding repeatedly at the dam, after attempts to frighten the animals away proved ineffective.
    In response, the Humane Society of the United States, based in Washington DC, and others filed a lawsuit to stop the practice and their legal challenges have continued. A US district court in Portland, Oregon, is expected to hear full arguments for a final ruling in the next few weeks. In the meantime, more than 40 California sea lions have been killed and 11 transferred to aquaria and zoos.
    Survey data collected by the US Army Corps of Engineers during the years of the killing show that numbers of California sea lions are decreasing at the dam, along with the amount of salmon they eat. The corps and others attribute this to the removal program.
    But the killing may have been too successful. Last year, the larger Steller sea lions, which arrived in earnest at the dam in 2005 and have returned in greater numbers each year, outnumbered California sea lions for the first time and ate fully half of the predated salmon.
    The problem with this shift is that Steller sea lions are themselves listed as a threatened species, meaning that ’hazing’—disturbing them with, for example, rubber bullets—is the only option for dealing with them.
    A key issue is exactly how much the sea lions are affecting the salmon, particularly the species that are listed as threatened. This is a difficult question to answer. Yet the Humane Society says that the killing focuses on the wrong problem—sea lions—instead of reducing the allowable fishing catch, improving habitat, and reducing losses from hydropower, which it maintains are greater threats to the fish.
Why do salmon appear at the base of the Bonneville Dam?
选项 A、Because they are bred there.
B、Because they need swim upstream to multiply.
C、Because they were brought there by flood.
D、Because people farm salmon in this river for its delicious taste.
答案B
解析 事实细节题。根据题干关键词Bonneville Dam定位至第一段最后一句…at the base of theBonneville Dam on their spring voyage upriver to spawn，其中spawn是“产卵”的意思，voyage表示“旅行；航程”，据此可知，鲑鱼在春季长途跋涉到上游来产卵，因此[B]正确，同时也可以排除[A]和[C]；尽管第一句提到了鲑鱼delicious，但没有提到人工养殖，所以排除[D]。
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