首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The two claws of the mature American lobster are decidedly different from each other. The crusher claw is short and stout; the c
The two claws of the mature American lobster are decidedly different from each other. The crusher claw is short and stout; the c
admin
2017-03-25
85
问题
The two claws of the mature American lobster are decidedly different from each other. The crusher claw is short and stout; the cutter claw is long and slender. Such bilateral asymmetry, in which the fight side of the body is, in all other respects, a mirror image of the left side, is not unlike handedness in humans. But where the majority of humans are right-handed, in lobsters the crasher claw appears with equal probability on either the right side or left side of the body.
Bilateral asymmetry of the claws comes about gradually. In the juvenile fourth and fifth stages of development, the paired claws are symmetrical and cutter like. Asymmetry begins to appear in the juvenile sixth stage of development, and the paired claws further diverge toward well-defined cutter and crusher claws during succeeding stages. An intriguing aspect of this development was discovered by Victor Emmer. He found that if one of the paired claws is removed during the fourth or fifth stage, the intact claw invariably becomes a crusher, while the regenerated claw becomes a cutter. Removal of a claw during a later juvenile stage or during adulthood, when asymmetry is present, does not alter the asymmetry; the intact and regenerate claws retain their original structures.
These observations indicate that the conditions that trigger differentiation must operate in a random manner when the paired claws are intact, but in a nonrandom manner when one of the claws is lost. One possible explanation is that differential use of the claws determines their asymmetry. Perhaps the claw that is used more becomes the crusher. This would explain why, when one of the claws is missing during the fourth or fifth stage, the intact claw always becomes a crusher. With two intact claws, initial use of one claw might prompt the animal to use it more than the other throughout the juvenile fourth and fifth stages, causing it to become a crusher.
To test this hypothesis, researchers raised lobsters in the juvenile fourth and fifth stages of development in a laboratory environment in which the lobsters could manipulate oyster chips.(Not coincidentally, at this stage of development lobsters typically change from a habitat where they drift passively, to the ocean floor where they have the opportunity to be more active by borrowing in the substrate.)Under these conditions, the lobsters developed asymmetric claws, half with crusher claws on the left, and half with crusher claws on the right. In contrast, when juvenile lobsters were reared in a smooth tank without the oyster chips, the majority developed two cutter claws. This unusual configuration of symmetrical cutter claws did not change when the lobsters were subsequently placed in a ma-nipulable environment or when they lost and regenerated one or both claws.
The author regards the idea that differentiation is triggered randomly when paired claws remain intact as______.
选项
A、irrefutable considering the authoritative nature of Emma’s observations
B、likely in view of present evidence
C、contradictory to conventional thinking on lobster-claw differentiation
D、purely speculative because it is based on scattered research and experimentation
答案
B
解析
本题的四个选项中,只有B项为正确答案。这可从文中第三段的第句话“These observations indicate that the conditions that trigger differentiation must operate in a random manner when the paired claws are intact,but in a nonrandom manner when one of the claws is lost.”推知,即这个观点是有证据支持的,但这些证据只能说明它的可能性,但不是无可反驳的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/LcGO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Jamesisquite______withthecustomsandlanguagesofthepeopleinthatpartofthecountry.
Recentresearchhasclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveionsintheaircanhaveanilleffectonpeople’sphysicalorpsychologi
Recentresearchhasclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveionsintheaircanhaveanilleffectonpeople’sphysicalorpsychologi
InChicago,acomputerizedsystemhasbeendevelopedthatcontrolstrafficinthecity’ssevenonexpresswaysnow,oneman—a
AtWembly,thehomeoffootball,countlessthousandsofpeoplespendSundaymorningamongstthe______sellingeverythingfromsho
Culturalnormssocompletelysurroundpeople,sopermeatethoughtandaction,thatweneverrecognizetheassumptionsonwhicht
Culturalnormssocompletelysurroundpeople,sopermeatethoughtandaction,thatweneverrecognizetheassumptionsonwhicht
TheFrencheducationsystemisverydifferentfromtheEnglishoneinitsaims,itsorganizationanditsresults.TheFrenchchi
Hurricanesareviolentstormsthatcausemillionsofdollarsinpropertydamageandtakemanylives.Theycanbeextremelydange
随机试题
长期应用肾上腺皮质激素的副作用是
A.真武汤B.茵陈蒿汤C.柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤D.猪苓汤E.小柴胡去黄芩加茯苓汤小便不利,胸满烦惊,身重谵语者,宜用
下列药物,不能用于艾滋病治疗的是()
()是重大危险源控制的重要内容。
进出口的样品、礼品、非销售展品和其他非贸易性物品,除国家另有规定或者对外贸易合同另有约定的,可以免予检验。( )
丁丁喜欢吮吸大拇指,小朋友经常向李老师告状:“丁丁又吃手了!”以下李老师采取的教育策略中,不适宜的是()
设随机变量X~U[1,7],则方程x2+2Xx+9=0有实根的概率为().
We’vebeenhearingaboutitforyears,butthebooklesslibraryhasfinallyarrived,firstappearingoncollegecampuses.AtDre
Generallyspeaking,aBritishiswidelyregardedasaquiet,shyandconservativepersonwhois【B1】______onlyamongthosewith
ProfessorWhiteandIarrangedtomeetat9o’clock,buthehasn’t______yet.
最新回复
(
0
)