2. 外语
  3. A. interaction B. experienced C. reflect D. response E. undertaken F. affect G. alth

A. interaction B. experienced C. reflect D. response E. undertaken F. affect G. alth

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问题     A. interaction        B. experienced        C. reflect        D. response        E. undertaken
    F. affect             G. although           H. frustration    I. subject         J. sufficiently
    K.cooperation         L.centering           M. reference      N. disadvantaged   O. immune
    Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories【C1】 ________on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not【C2】 ________ penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through【C3】 ________ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in【C4】 ________to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, or as a rejection of middle-class values.
    Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from【C5】 ________ families, ignoring the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes for lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are【C6】 ________ to criticism.
    Changes in the social structure may indirectly【C7】 ________ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in turn lead more youths into criminal behavior.
    Families have also【C8】 ________ changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents consequently, children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family structure. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other identifiable causes of offensive acts include【C9】 ________ or failure in school, the increased availability of drugs and alcohol, and the growing incidence of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act,【C10】 ________ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
【C1】
选项
答案L
解析 本句主谓宾齐全，结合空格后的介词短语可推知。此处填入分词。下一句的Theories focusing on提示，此处填入与focus on意思相近的词，centering(on)“把……作为主要问题，以……为主题”符合题意。
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专业英语四级

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