2. 外语
  3. There are many ways of dealing with offenders that do not involve the payment of money. One is probation, a system that takes ma

There are many ways of dealing with offenders that do not involve the payment of money. One is probation, a system that takes ma

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问题    There are many ways of dealing with offenders that do not involve the payment of money. One is probation, a system that takes many different forms in different jurisdictions but that essentially involves the suspension of sentence on the offender subject to the condition that he is supervised while living in the community by a probation officer and possibly agrees to comply with such other requirements as the court many think appropriate. Usually, if the offender complies with the probation order and commits no further offense while it is in force, no other penalty is imposed, but if he breaks the requirement of the order or commits another offense, he can be brought back before the court and punished for the original offense as well as the later one. In many U.S. states probation is combined with a suspended sentence, so that the sentence the offender  will have to serve if he breaks the order is fixed in advance; in England the sentence is not fixed in advance, and the court has complete discretion if there is a breach to sentence the offender for the original crime in light of his later behaviour  English law allows suspended sentence of of imprisonment for a specified period (not more than two years), on condition  that the offender commit no further offense during the period of suspension. This is different from a probation order, as no supervision is required and no other conditions may be included in the order.
   Other alternatives to prison are based on the idea of preventing an offender from committing further offenses, without necessarily confining him in a prison. The most familiar power of this kind is that of disqualifying an offender from driving a motor vehicle or from holding a driver’s license. This power is available under the laws of most countries to deal with those offenders who either commit serious driving offenses, such as driving while intoxicated, or who commit repeated but less serious offenses, such as speeding. In many countries there exists a system in which the offender is awarded a number of poims each time he commits a motoring offense; when the number of points accumulated reaches a certain figure, he is automatically disqualified for a specified period. Some countries allow courts to disqualify from driving those offenders who have used motor vehicles in commission of the crime for which they are being sentenced, with the aim of hindering the offender from committing further such offenses. Although attractive in the abstract, this seldom works well in practice, as the absence of a driver’s license may well prevent an offender from finding work after release from prison; as a result he may be likely to commit further crimes. Other forms of disqualification may be imposed on offenders convicted of particular types of crimes: a fraudulent company director may be disqualified from being involved in the direction of a company, a corrupt politician may be disqualified from holding public office, or a parent who sexually abuses his children may be deprived of parental authority over them.
The second paragraph is mainly about ______.
选项 A、alternatives to prison
B、preventing an offender from committing offenses
C、the imposition of disqualification of offenders
D、disqualifying an offender from driving a motor vehicle
答案C
解析 该题问：第二段主要谈论的是什么?本题要求判断第二段的主旨大意。该段从第二句开始直到最后一句谈的都是disqualifying an offender(取消违法犯罪分子的…资格)以防止其再次违法犯罪的问题。所以，选项C的the imposition of disqualification on offenders正确，应为答案。因为第一段的probation system和第二段的disqualifying an offender都是alternatives to prison(代替监禁的其他方法)，选项A的范围超过了第二段，不是答案；选项B，preventing an offender from committing offense(预防犯罪分子违法犯罪)说得过于笼统，没有涉及 disqualifying an offender，不是答案；选项D的disqualifying an offender from driving a motor vehicle (取消违法分子的开车资格)只涉及到一项资格，过于片面，不是答案。
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