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  3. According to a recent publication of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, at the present rate of progress, it will take

According to a recent publication of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, at the present rate of progress, it will take

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问题     According to a recent publication of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, at the present rate of progress, it will take forty-three years to end job discrimination— hardly a reasonable timetable.
    If our goal is educational and economic equity and parity, it is then we need affirmative action to catch up. We are behind as a result of discrimination and denial of opportunity. There is one white attorney for every 680 whites, but only one black attorney for every 4,000 blacks; one white physician for every 659 whites, but only one black physician for every 5,000 blacks; and one white dentist for every 1,900 whites, but only one black dentist for every 8,400 blacks. Less than 1 percent of all engineers or of all practicing chemists is black. Cruel and uncompassionate injustice created gaps like these. We need creative justice and compassion to help us close them.
    Actually, in the U. S. context, "reverse discrimination" is illogical and a contradiction in terms. Never in the history of mankind has a majority, with power, engaged in programs and written laws that discriminate against itself. The only thing whites are giving up because of affirmative action is unfair advantage something that was unnecessary in the first place.
    Blacks are not making progress at the expense of whites, as news accounts make it seem. There are 49 percent more whites in medical school today and 64 percent more whites in law school than there were when affirmative action programs began some eight years ago.
    In a recent column, William Raspberry raised an interesting question. Commenting on the Bakke case, he asked, "What if, instead of setting aside 16 of 100 slots, we added 16 slots to the 100?" That, he suggested, would not interfere with what whites already have. He then went on to point out that this, in fact, is exactly what has happened in law and medical schools. In 1968, the year before affirmative action programs began to get un-der way, 9,571 whites and 282 members of minority groups entered U. S. medical schools. In 1976, the figures were 14,213 and 1,400,respectively. Thus,, under affirmative action, the number of "white places" actually rose by 49 percent; white access to medical training was not diminished, but substantially increased. The trend was even more marked in law schools. In 1969, the first year for which reliable figures are available, 2,933 minority-group members were enrolled; ’in 1976, the number was up to 8,484. But during the same period, law school enrollment for whites rose from 65,453 to 107,064 an increase of 64 percent. In short, it is a myth that blacks are making progress at white expense.
    Allan Bakke did not really challenge preferential treatment in general, for he made no challenge to the preferential treatment accorded to the children of the rich, the alumni and the faculty or to athletes or the very talented only to minorities.
Blacks are not making progress at the expense of whites, according to the author, because______.
选项 A、what white give up is only unfair advantage
B、there are 49 percent more white in medical school today already
C、whites, the majority in the U. S. , will never discriminate against themselves
D、there are 64 percent more whites in law schools today
答案A
解析 题目考查“黑人取得的进展没有损失白人的利益的原因”。第三段最后一句：The only thing whites are giving up because of affirmative action is unfair advantage something that was unnecessary in the first place．通过这句话可知，白人因为反歧视行为放弃的仅仅是不公平的竞争优势。据此判断，应选择A。
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