首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
President Hoover’s Politics During the Great Depression At first everything seemed fine and dandy. America was enjoying one
President Hoover’s Politics During the Great Depression At first everything seemed fine and dandy. America was enjoying one
admin
2011-01-15
86
问题
President Hoover’s Politics During the Great Depression
At first everything seemed fine and dandy. America was enjoying one of the biggest economic surges in the nation’s history. However, even though America benefited from the economic boom of the so called "Roaring Twenties", the imbalance between the rich and the poor combined with the production of more and more goods and rising personal debt caused one of the biggest recessions in history. On Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929, the stock market crashed, triggering the Great Depression, which was the worst economic collapse in the history of the modem, industrial world. It spread from the United States and rippled out to the rest of the world, with banks failing and businesses going bust for over a span of a decade, leaving more than a quarter of the working force in America without jobs.
President Herbert Hoover, underestimating the seriousness of the crisis, called it "a passing incident in our national lives," and assured Americans that it would be over within two months. Hoover did not think that the federal government should offer relief to the poverty-stricken population because he firmly believed in individualism. Focusing on economic programs to help finance businesses and banks, Hoover met with resistance from business executives who preferred to lay off workers. Blamed by many for the Great Depression, Hoover was widely ridiculed.
Hoover’s economy was put to the test with the onset of the Great Depression in 1929. It was his vocal stance on non-intervention that led to Democratic criticism that Hoover was a "sitting duck" president; on the other hand, his more pro-free market opponents also denied he was a laissez-faire president and condemned him for being an interventionist. Hoover tried to restore confidence with a series of speeches but his weak speaking style hampered these efforts. The biggest problem was that his predictions of an upturn just around the comer never materialized. His promises were not delivered and he lost a lot of the public’s confidence.
Together, the government and businesses actually spent more in the first half of 1930 than the previous year; yet frightened consumers cut back their expenditures by ten percent. A severe drought ravaged the agricultural heartland beginning in the summer of 1930, while foreign banks declared bankruptcy, draining U.S. wealth and destroying world trade. The combination of these factors caused a downward spiral: as earning fell, domestic banks collapsed, and mortgages were called in. Hoover’s hold-the- line policy in wages lasted little more than a year. Unemployment soared from five million in 1930 to over eleven million in 1931, causing this sharp recession to become the Great Depression.
In 1930, Hoover reluctantly signed the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, which raised tariffs on over 20,000 dutiable items. The Tariff, combined with the 1932 Revenue Act, which hiked taxes and fees across the board, is often blamed for deepening the economic depression, and is considered by some to be Hoover’s biggest political mistakes. Moreover, the Federal Reserve System’s tightening of the money supply is also regarded by most modem economists as a mistaken tactic, under the circumstances.
In order to cover the expenses of these government programs, Hoover agreed to one of the largest tax increases in American history. A The Revenue Act of 1932 raised taxes on the highest incomes from 25% to 63%, while the estate tax was doubled, and corporate taxes were raised by almost 15%. B Also, a "check tax" was included that placed a 2-cent tax on all bank checks. During the 1932 elections, Hoover’s opponents blasted the Republican incumbent for spending and taxing too much, increasing national debt, raising tariffs, and blocking trade, as well as placing millions on the dole of the government. C Roosevelt attacked Hoover for "reckless and extravagant" spending, and of leading "the greatest spending administration in peacetime in all of history." D Unemployment rose to 24.9% by the end of Hoover’s presidency in 1933, a year that is considered to be the depth of the Great Depression.
The word incumbent in the passage is closest in meaning to
选项
A、incompetence.
B、officials.
C、policies.
D、ineffectiveness.
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/K9yO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
ChoosethecorrectletterA,B,CorD.Writeyouranswersinboxes37-40onyouranswersheet.Duringtheearlymodernera,a
MorseCodeMorsecodeisbeingreplacedbyanewsatellite-basedsystemforsendingdistresscallsatsea.Itsdotsanddashesh
MorseCodeMorsecodeisbeingreplacedbyanewsatellite-basedsystemforsendingdistresscallsatsea.Itsdotsanddashesh
TheInnovationofGroceryStoresA.Attheverybeginningofthe20thcentury,theAmericangrocerystoresofferedcomprehen
TheEvolutionaryMystery:CrocodileSurvivesA.Eventhoughcrocodileshaveexistedfor200millionyears,they’reanything
Theuniversityhasproduceda______toinformstudentsaboutthedifferentaccommodationoptionsavailable.Moststudentslive
Atthestartofthetutorial,thetutoremphasisestheimportanceof【27】
随机试题
下列属于外围护系统现场实验和测试的项目是()。
自发性蛛网膜下腔出血伴一侧动眼神经麻痹提示
男性患者,58岁,上腹疼痛,反酸,内镜检查发现,十二指肠降段、水平段及空肠多发性溃疡,抑酸治疗效果不佳。进一步应做的检查是
我国现行宪法中的哪项规定充分表明了我国的国家性质?()
试论述行政诉讼的受案范围。
位于北京市朝阳区的某高架桥建设项目未按照环境报告书安装隔音设施便已通车,按照《环境保护法》的规定,应对其实施( )的行政处罚。
()为不定期报告,根据董事会、高级管理层或其委员会要求,提交董事会、高级管理层或其委员会审议或审阅。
在对有爆炸发生的事件进行现场评估时,若发现是恐怖袭击事件,接下来的正确处置方法是()。
下列叙述中,错误的是()
Thesetechnologicaladvancesincommunicationhave______thewaypeopledobusiness.
最新回复
(
0
)