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  3. Personality is to a large extent inherent — A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also h

Personality is to a large extent inherent — A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also h

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问题     Personality is to a large extent inherent — A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents; it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children.
    One place where children soak up A-characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system , in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences; remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: "Rejoice, we conquer!"
    By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.
    Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A-youngsters change into B’s. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child’s personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.
    If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A-type stock. B’s are important and should be encouraged.
From the passage we can draw the conclusion that______.
选项 A、the personality of a child is well established at birth
B、family influence dominates the shaping of one’s characteristics
C、the development of one’s personality is due to multiple factors
D、B-type characteristics can find no place in competitive society
答案C
解析 在文章第一段，作者指出：人的个性在很大程度上是先天决定的；继而用but一词，引出后天环境的影响；在随后的段落中，作者着重分析学校教育环境对个性发展的影响，主张学校不要过分看重竞争，要鼓励孩子多种个性的发展。由此可以推出C选项概括了文章的要点，故选C。
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