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  3. Does Wall Street owe the people of America an apology? That was Senator Sherrod Brown’s suggestion to Ben Bernanke and Hank Paul

Does Wall Street owe the people of America an apology? That was Senator Sherrod Brown’s suggestion to Ben Bernanke and Hank Paul

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问题     Does Wall Street owe the people of America an apology? That was Senator Sherrod Brown’s suggestion to Ben Bernanke and Hank Paulson during a Senate hearing last week.【F1】lf so, the humbled titans of finance will be in good company; institutional apologies have mushroomed in past years. British Christians, for example, have expressed public contrition for slavery and have even considered apologizing for skepticism about evolution. Nicolaus Mills, an American commentator, calls the fashion for saying sorry a "global culture of apology". That may be an overstatement; public kowtows are still rare compared with the manifold wrongs of the past. The bigger question is what, if anything, they mean.
    Apologies for past wrongs by present-day institutions are trickier still. Jonathan Sumption, a London lawyer and historian, calls them "a vulgar anachronism"—in effect, he says, "a rebuke to the past for not being more like the present".【F2】Trading apologies and forgiveness on behalf of dead people sounds unauthentic—especially when the issue is centuries old(such as Viking rape and pillage in Ireland, which Denmark’s culture minister Brian Mikkelson mourned in 2007). Collective guilt is an odd idea even in the present. Yet at a minimum, owning up to what happened in the past, and learning lessons from it, should benefit everyone.
    【F3】Successful apologies are usually a tactic of international or national politics, particularly when a new leader wants to distance himself from past mistakes. Italy has just apologized to Libya and paid reparations for colonialism(in exchange for energy deals and co-operation on migration). America’s ex-president Bill Clinton and Britain’s former prime minister, Tony Blair, were skilled in the theatre of public contrition on issues such as slavery. South Africa’s president F. W. de Klerk apologized for apartheid in 1992; Nelson Mandela then apologized for atrocities committed by the African National Congress. A Truth and Reconciliation Commission recorded individuals’ suffering and gave perpetrators a chance to confess and say sorry.
    So what makes a public apology successful? Melissa Nobles, a political scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who specializes in apologology, says that they can give official backing to a particular view of history, help contain political grievances peacefully and encourage public-spiritedness among alienated parts of the population.
    But apologies don’t come free.【F4】They raise the annoyed question of compensating; not just money, but the promise of different legal treatment, including the right to sue for compensation. Canada has recompensed indigenous children removed from their homes; so has the state government of Tasmania. America and Canada have compensated ethnic Japanese citizens interned during the second world war.
    Still, fear of the legal consequences of saying sorry may be overblown.【F5】Mr. Rudd’s apology explicitly stated that it would have no legal import; a landmark court case confirmed that previous apologies by Australian states were protected by parliamentary privilege. America’s apology for slavery was a cashless one.
【F4】
选项
答案道歉把令人头痛的赔偿问题提了出来：不仅赔偿金钱，还要承诺对不同的行为进行相应的法律处置，其中还包括赔偿诉讼权的使用。
解析 本句是一个单句，复杂的是compensating后的宾语。因为compensating之后的宾语较长，原文中是名词，如果汉语也翻译成名词的话不仅意思表达不清，而且显得拖沓，可以使用词类转换法译成动词使意思表达得更为明确。
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