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  3. Facebook’s System of Disabling Fake Accounts Alicia Istanbul woke up one recent Wednesday to find herself locked out of the

Facebook’s System of Disabling Fake Accounts Alicia Istanbul woke up one recent Wednesday to find herself locked out of the

admin2012-06-20  84
问题             Facebook’s System of Disabling Fake Accounts
    Alicia Istanbul woke up one recent Wednesday to find herself locked out of the Facebook account she opened in 2007, one Facebook suddenly deemed fake.
    The stay-at-home mom was cut off not only from her 330 friends, including many she had no other way of contacting, but also from the pages she had set up for the jewelry design business she runs from her Atlanta-area home.
    Although Istanbul understands why Facebook insists on having real people behind real names for every account, she wonders why the online hangout didn’t simply ask before acting. "They should at least give you a warning, or at least give you the benefit of the doubt," she said. "I was on it all day. I had built my entire social network around it. That’s what Facebook wants you to do." Facebook’s effort to purge its site of fake accounts, in the process knocking out some real people with unusual names, marks yet another challenge for the 5-year-old social network.
    As Facebook becomes a bigger part of the lives of its more than 200 million users, the Palo Alto, Calif. -based company is finding that the huge diversity and the vast size of its audience are making it increasingly difficult to enforce rules it set when its membership was smaller and more homogenous (相似的).
    Having grown from a closed network available only to college students to a global social hub used by multiple generations, Facebook has worked over the years to shape its guidelines and features to fit its changing audience. But requiring people to sign up under their real name is part of what makes Facebook Facebook.
    To make sure people can’t set up accounts with fake names, the site has a long, constantly updated "blacklist" of names that people can’t use. Those could either be ones that sound fake, like Batman, or names tied to current events, like Susan Boyle. While there are dozens of Susan Boyles on Facebook already, people who tried to sign up with that name after the 47-year-old woman became an unlikely singing sensation (引起轰动的人物) had more difficulty doing so.     Facebook spokesman Barry Schnitt acknowledged that Facebook does make mistakes on occasion, and he apologized for "any inconvenience". But he said situations like Istanbul’s are very rare, and most accounts that are disabled for being fake really are. "The vast, vast, vast majority of people we disabled we never hear from again," he said. Because the exceptions are so rare, he said, prior notification is "not something we are doing right now. "
    Facebook is available in more than 40 languages—and growing—and its user base is larger than Brazil’s population. But financially it is still a start-up. Although the Internet research firm eMarketer estimates that Facebook generated about $210 million in US advertising revenue last year, that is well below the $585 million estimated for the News Corp.-owned rival, MySpace. Facebook is still looking for ways to become self-sustaining and reduce its reliance on outside investors. In 2007, Microsoft bought a 1.6% stake in the company for $ 240 million, though Facebook later concluded it wasn’t worth anywhere close to the $ 15 billion market value implied in that investment.
    Because Facebook has only about 850 employees worldwide, getting complaints answered can take a long time. Istanbul, whose father is from the city of Istanbul in Turkey, said it took three weeks to get her account reinstated(恢复).
    Without being able to log in for that time, she said she felt "completely cut off" from her contacts. Frustrated, she wrote e-mails, then mailed letters to 12 Facebook executives. To keep in touch with her friends and monitor her business pages, Istanbul said she sort of "hijacked" her husband’s account. "I think they just assume you can’t have an interesting name," she said of Facebook. "I kept my maiden name because it’s such an interesting name, I didn’t want to give it up. And now I am having to defend my name."
    "If you deal with this kind of thing all the time, and on top of that Facebook wants you to prove your identity, ... it’s adding insult to injury," said Nancy Kelsey, a graduate student at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, who started the Facebook group. She said Facebook should remedy the problem so that it "wouldn’t be so offensive" each time a real name is deemed fake. "Native American surnames mean something," she said. "They are points of pride, points of identity. It’s not someone trying to make up a fake name."
    Istanbul’s sister, Lisa Istanbul Krikorian, also got locked out of her Facebook account, which she opened a year and a half ago. So she opened another one that omits her maiden name. Their mother and their cousin, who both joined the social network more recently, were not even allowed to sign up under their real names. "They had to misspell their last names," Alicia Istanbul said, so that Facebook’s system of weeding out fake accounts wouldn’t recognize them. Her mom added an extra "n" to spell "Istannbul", and her cousin added an "e" to become "Istanbule".
    But that makes it difficult to reconnect with old classmates and long-lost friends, something Facebook prides itself in helping facilitate. "No one is going to find you if your last name is spelled wrong," Istanbul said. Unlike many other social networks, Facebook wants a real name behind each person’s account. Bands, brands and businesses are supposed to use fan pages and groups； regular accounts are for real people.
    Facebook says its "real name culture" is one of the site’s founding principles. It creates "accountability (责任) and, ultimately, creates a safer and more trusted environment for all of our users," Schnitt said. "We require people to be who they are."
    Once the site disables an account it deems fake, its holder has to contact Facebook to prove it is real. In some cases, the company may require that the person fax a copy of a government-issued ID, which Facebook says it destroys as soon as the account is verified.
    Yet an informal search on Facebook shows that efforts to weed out fake names may be a difficult task.
    A recent search for "stupid", for example, turned up more than 27 people matches, most looking dubious (可疑的) at best. Although many of the fake accounts are created as sophomoric (幼稚的) humor or as a vehicle for malicious activity, others are to protect users from having their postings create problems when they later look for jobs. Facebook has extensive privacy settings, but they are complicated and many people don’t know how to properly use them.
    Steve Jones, professor of communications at the University of Illinois at Chicago, said having real people behind personal accounts helps Facebook maintain credibility. "If they let fake names and accounts proliferate (扩散) people are going to take it less seriously," he said. Still, he believes that Facebook should notify the holders of purportedly (据称) fake accounts. "The first step in any sort of takedown action is to notify," he said. "What’s the rush? Why not give somebody 24, 48 hours?"
According to the Palo Alto, what makes it difficult to carry out Facebook rules?
选项 A、It cannot tell the fake names from the real ones.
B、It opens only to college students.
C、The number of its users increases and they have different needs.
D、It meets challenges from similar businesses.
答案C
解析 同义转述题。由定位段可知，Palo Alto公司发现用户的巨大差异和数量之大使得Facebook在用户较少且更相似时制定的规章制度难以施行。由此可知，导致Facebook的制度难以施行的原因是C)“它的用户数量增长及用户有着不同的需求”。
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