首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Much of continental Europe is in poor shape. True, the aggregate wealth of people is little changed and the social capital in mu
Much of continental Europe is in poor shape. True, the aggregate wealth of people is little changed and the social capital in mu
admin
2017-01-12
89
问题
Much of continental Europe is in poor shape. True, the aggregate wealth of people is little changed and the social capital in museums, parks and other amenities is still intact. Yet, in the western part, the economy is failing society. Inclusion of ethnic minorities and youth in the economy is more lacking than ever. Among those who do participate, fewer are prospering. It is a measure of the decline that, in almost every country, the growth of wage rates has steadily slowed since 1995. What has gone wrong?
European economists speak of a loss of competitiveness in southern Europe. They suggest that output and employment are down, relative to the past trend, because wages leapt ahead of productivity, making labour too expensive and forcing employers to cut back. Taking this perspective, some German economists argue that wages need to fall in the affected economies. Others argue instead for monetary stimulus—for instance, asset purchases by central banks—to raise prices and make current wage rates affordable.
Economists of a classical bent lay a large part of the decline of employment, and thus lagging output, to a contraction of labour supply. And they lay that contraction largely to outbreaks of fiscal profligacy—as happened in Europe from the mid-1990s to the mid-2000s. Disciples of Keynes, who focus on aggregate demand, view any increase in household wealth as raising employment because they say it adds to consumer demand. They say Europe needs a lot more fiscal "profligacy" if it is to bring unemployment down. Some evidence favours the classics.
Yet both sides of this debate miss the critical force at work. The main cause of Europe’s deep fall—the losses of inclusion, job satisfaction and wage growth—is the devastating slowdown of productivity that began in the late 1990s and struck large swathes of the continent. It holds down the growth of wages rates and it depresses employment.
That slowdown resulted from narrowing innovation. Even in the postwar years, innovation in Europe was feeble by past standards. In the aftermath of the financial crisis, much of Europe is still suffering a slump on top of its post-1990s fall. The slump will pass but the fall will not be easily overcome. The continent is losing its best talent. It needs to fight for an economic life worth living.
The critical factor of Europe’ s deep fall neglected by both sides of the debate is______.
选项
A、the rapid slowdown of productivity
B、the decline of wage growth
C、the depression of employment
D、the decrease of job satisfaction
答案
A
解析
细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第四段Yet both sides of this debate miss the critical force at work.The main cause of Europe’s deep fall—the losses of inclusion,job satisfaction and wage growth—is the devastating slowdown of productivity that began in the late 1 990s and struck large swathes of the continent.(然而这场辩论的双方都忽略了一个发挥关键作用的因素。欧洲深度衰落——体现在包容度、就业满足感以及工资增长等方面——的主要原因是生产率的剧烈放缓,这始于20世纪90年代末,影响到欧洲大陆很多地区。)故A项“生产率的快速放缓”为正确答案。B项“工资增长率的降低”,C项“就业的衰落”,D项“就业满足感的降低”,均与题意不符,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/HIEZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Fordecades,ferryboatscrossedthecoldwatersofMichigan’sStraitsofMackinac,shuttlingpeopleandvehiclesbetweenthetw
Therealizationthatcoldscankillhasrenewedinterestinfindingvaccinesandtreatments.Thetroubleisthatthecommoncold
Birth,growth,decline,death:itistheusualcycleforpeople,companiesandindustries.Butthestoryofviolin-makinginCre
Birth,growth,decline,death:itistheusualcycleforpeople,companiesandindustries.Butthestoryofviolin-makinginCre
Thisweek,inWashingtonandcitiesacrossthenation,immigrantadvocates,clergymembersandlaborandbusinessleadershaveb
Thisweek,inWashingtonandcitiesacrossthenation,immigrantadvocates,clergymembersandlaborandbusinessleadershaveb
Itwassupposedtobethenew-mediaelection.E-mail,blogging,socialnetworkingandtweetingwereexpectedtosurgeinimporta
Icametofeminismthewaysomepeoplecometosocialmovementsintheirearlyyears:outofself-interest.Igotontheequalit
Icametofeminismthewaysomepeoplecometosocialmovementsintheirearlyyears:outofself-interest.Igotontheequalit
随机试题
变压器的三相连接方式,最常用的就是星形和三角形连接。()
进出口公司委托外运公司办理一批服装的进口运输,从釜山运至青岛。外运公司租用某远洋运输公司的船舶承运,但以其自己的名义签发提单。货物运抵目的港后,发现部分服装已湿损。于是,该进出口公司向保险公司索赔。保险公司依据保险合同赔偿进出口公司后,取得代位求偿权,进而
解释下列句子中划线的词语至于北海,东面而视,不见水端。
患者,男性,80岁。慢支肺气肿病史30年,近1周来出现咳嗽,咳大量黏液脓痰,伴心悸、气喘,查体呼吸急促、发绀明显,颈静脉怒张、下肢水肿。该患者氧疗时,给氧浓度和氧流量应为
中外合资经营企业的投资总额在300万美元以上至1000万美元(含1000万美元)的,其注册资本至少应占投资总额的_________。
根据危险源在事故发生、发展中的作用,一般把危险源划为第一类危险源和第二类危险源两大类,其中第一类危险源是指在生产过程中存在的,可能发生意外释放的能量,包括生产过程中各种能量源,能量载体或危险物质。下列不属于第一类危险源的是()。
Hehasbeencalledthe“missinglink”.Half-man,half-beast.Heissupposedtoliveinthehighestmountainintheworld—MountEvere
日常生活中,有些人喜欢用汤泡饭吃。对此,专家指出,这种吃饭方式是不可取的。以下哪项说法如果为真能支持专家的观点?
到目前为止,我国已建有四个卫星发射基地,下列四个发射基地由高纬度向低纬度排列正确的是()。
在我国的货币层次划分中,一般将“外币存款”划入如下哪个层次?(中山大学2015年真题)()
最新回复
(
0
)