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  3. What makes a group intelligent? You might think a group’s IQ would be simply the average intelligence of the group’s members, or

What makes a group intelligent? You might think a group’s IQ would be simply the average intelligence of the group’s members, or

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问题     What makes a group intelligent? You might think a group’s IQ would be simply the average intelligence of the group’s members, or perhaps the intelligence of the team’s smartest participant. But researchers who study groups have found that this isn’t so.
    Rather, a group’s intelligence emerges from the interactions that go on within the group. A team’s intelligence can be measured, and like an individual’s IQ score, it can accurately predict the team’s performance on a wide variety of tasks. And just as an individual’s intelligence is expandable, a group’s intelligence can also be increased. Here are five suggestions on how to guide the development of smart teams:
    Choose team members carefully. The smartest groups are composed of people who are good at reading one another’s social cues, according to a study led by Carnegie Mellon University professor Anita Williams Woolley and published in the journal Science.
    Talk about the " how". Many members of teams don’t like to spend time talking about " process" , preferring to get right down to work—but Woolley notes that groups who take the time to discuss how they will work together are ultimately more efficient and effective.
    Share the floor. In the most intelligent teams, found Woolley, members take turns speaking. Participants who dominate the discussion or who hang back and don’t say much bring down the intelligence of the group. Alex Sandy Pentland, an MIT professor who studies group dynamics, has found that in smart teams, members connect directly with one another—not just with the team leader—and they’re constantly engaging in "back channel" or side conversations that supplement the main discussion.
    Boost informal social connections among members. The smartest teams spend a lot of time communicating outside of formal meetings, says Pentland. He tells of a call center where team members’ coffee breaks were staggered across the workday. Changing the schedule so that all members had a coffee break at the same time led them to do their work more efficiently and feel more satisfied with their jobs.
    Be open to external influences. In the most successful groups, Pentland discovered, team members regularly take off on their own to explore and discover. They then bring that information back to the group, stimulate the group’s work with fresh insights from the world outside the conference room.
By "Be open to external influences"(Line 1, Para. 7), the author suggests______.
选项 A、team members explore and discover independently
B、team leaders improve the team’s work with fresh ideas
C、teams absorb new insights from the world outside the meeting room
D、teams regularly brainstorm outside the conference room
答案C
解析 主旨大意题。本题实际上考查了末段大意。原文末段提到，在最成功的团队中，队员自己会定期出去探索和发现新事物，然后把信息带回给团队，用来自会议室以外的新视角来激励团队工作，故C)“从会议室外的世界吸收新想法”为答案。A)“团队成员进行独立探索和发现”，虽然原文有提及，但是进行探索和发现的目的是为了分享，该选项并不能概括朋特兰德的观点，故排除；B)“团队领导人用新鲜想法提高团队工作”和D)“团队定期在会议室外进行头脑风暴”，原文均未提及，故排除。
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