首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Defenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would destroy the fruits o
Defenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would destroy the fruits o
admin
2016-11-25
7
问题
Defenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would destroy the fruits of a century-long struggle for the protection of women workers. Even a brief examination of the historic practice of courts and employers would show that the fruit of such laws has been bitter; they are, in practice more of a curse than a blessing.
Sex-defined protective laws have often been based on stereotypical assumptions concerning women’s needs and abilities, and employers have frequently used them as legal excuses for discriminating against women. After the Second World War, for example, businesses and government sought to persuade women to vacate jobs in factories, thus making room in the labor force for returning veterans. The revival or passage of state laws limiting the daily or weekly work hours of women conveniently accomplished this. Employers had only to declare that overtime hours were a necessary condition of employment or promotion in their factory, and women could be quite legally fired, refused jobs, or kept at low wage levels, all in the name of "protecting" their health. By validating such laws when they are challenged by lawsuits, the courts have colluded over the years in establishing different, less advantageous employment terms for women than for men, thus reducing women’ s competitiveness on the job market. At the same time, even the most well-intentioned lawmakers, courts, and employers have often been blind to the real needs of women. The lawmakers and the courts continue to permit employers to offer employee health insurance plans that cover all known human medical disabilities except those relating to pregnancy and childbirth.
Finally, labor laws protecting only special groups are often ineffective at protecting the workers who are actually in the workplace. Some chemicals, for example, pose reproductive risks for women of childbearing years; manufacturers using the chemicals comply with laws protecting women against these hazards by refusing to hire them. Thus the sex-defined legislation protects the hypothetical female worker, but has no effect whatever on the safety of any actual employee. The health risks to male employees in such industries cannot be negligible, since chemicals toxic enough to cause birth defects in fetuses or sterility in women are presumably harmful to the human metabolism. Protective laws aimed at changing production materials or techniques in order to reduce such hazards would benefit all employees without discriminating against any.
In sum, protective labor laws for women are discriminatory and do not meet their intended purpose. Legislators should recognize that women are in the work force to stay, and that their needs—good health care, a decent wage, and a safe workplace—are the needs of all workers. Laws that ignore these facts violate women’ s rights for equal protection in employment.
According to the first paragraph of the passage, the author considers which of the following to be most helpful in determining the value of special protective labor legislation for women?
选项
A、A comparative study of patterns of work-related illnesses in states that had such laws and in states that did not.
B、An estimate of how many women workers are in favor of such laws.
C、An analysis of the cost to employers of complying with such laws.
D、An examination of the actual effects that such laws have had in the past on women workers.
答案
D
解析
A、B、C项文中均没有提到。根据第三段的论述,可知D项是惟一正确的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/G9Wd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
______isoriginallyaretrieverbutnowbecomesmainlyapet?______alwaysgetsitshaircut?
______isoriginallyaretrieverbutnowbecomesmainlyapet?______gotitsnamefromwhatitusedtodoin?
______isoriginallyaretrieverbutnowbecomesmainlyapet?______isnotoriginatedinGermany?
______isnotforboys?______hasagoodreputationforwhattheydoforsomespecialpersons?
In1991Philippineswitnessedthesecondlargestvolcaniceruptionthathitanareawithlargepopulation.
In1991Philippineswitnessedthesecondlargestvolcaniceruptionthathitanareawithlargepopulation.
______tellsusthatthegovernmentwillgivesupporttoemployers,whoofferpart-timejobs?______impliesthatincreasedpayme
What’sthemainobjectiveofastudentwhoattendsacertainnumberofcourses?
WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetelephoneofthefutureisNOTtrue?
______providesexercisesforwriting?______encouragesthestudentstouseadictionarywhenhecomestodifficultwords?
随机试题
(2018年菏泽曹县)在教师职业道德的自我修养中,“慎独”作为一种修养方法是指()
如何正确使用和维护喇叭?
位于颈动脉三角区的神经鞘膜瘤,可将颈动脉向前方推移,在肿块表面可触及动脉搏动。
健脾丸的适应证是木香槟榔丸的适应证是
投资基金证券是指由基金管理人向社会公开发行的,表明持有人按其所持份额享有资产所有权、收益分配权和剩余资产分配权的凭证。()
对于没有余额的账户,结账后在“借或贷”栏及余额栏均不做标示。()
试比较双杆活塞液压缸和单杠活塞液压输出的压力和速度。
Inspeakingactivities,aspeakeroftentriestoavoidusingadifficultwordorstructureandchoosestouseasimplerone.Wha
抵押权和质权都是担保物权,两者有一定的区别,对此表述错误的是()。
A、 B、 C、 D、 A应仔细观察图片,图片中没有人,自行车放在齿条间并且周围有栅栏。
最新回复
(
0
)