首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
THE ILLUSION OF FILM 1 Film is an illusion because the moving pictures seen on the screen are not moving at all. A film is act
THE ILLUSION OF FILM 1 Film is an illusion because the moving pictures seen on the screen are not moving at all. A film is act
admin
2012-01-14
64
问题
THE ILLUSION OF FILM
1 Film is an illusion because the moving pictures seen on the screen are not moving at all. A film is actually a series of tiny still pictures, or flames. They appear to be moving because the retina of the human eye retains the impression of an object for a split second after that object has actually disappeared. This principle is known as the
persistence of vision
. When we look at a single frame of film, the image persists in the brain’s visual center for a fraction of a second. Then, the next frame comes along and the brain has to catch up with the new image. Thus, our eyes and brain trick us into thinking that we see a smoothly moving image rather than a series of still ones.
2 Another illusion of film is known collectively as special effects, the tricks and techniques that filmmakers use when makeup, costume, and stunts are still not enough to make a scene convincing. Special effects artists apply science to filmmaking, showing us things that no plain camera could ever photograph. Even since the introduction of computer graphics in recent decades, the films of today still rely on some special effects that have existed since the early years of cinema.
3 One category of special effects is called optical or visual effects, tricks made with the camera. One of the pioneers of optical effects was the French filmmaker Georges Méliès, who invented a technique called stop-motion photography. With this technique, a scene is filmed, the camera is stopped, the scene is changed in some way, and then the camera
rolls
again. Stop motion photography can create th.e illusion of an actor disappearing on screen. In one short film, an actor’s clothes keep returning to his body as he tries to get undressed. Méliès also invented a technique known as split screen. By putting a card over the camera lens, he prevented half of the frame of fihn from being exposed. He filmed a scene on the uncovered half of the frame and then backed up the same strip of fihn in his camera. For the second shot, he covered the exposed half and took another series of pictures on the half that had been covered the first time. With the technique of split screen, it is possible to achieve illusions such as having the same actor play twins.
4 Mechanical effects are another category of special effects. Mechanical effects are objects or devices used during the filming to create an illusion, such as feathers or plastic chips to
simulate
snow, and wires to create the illusion that people are flying. Many sound effects are mechanical effects. Wood blocks create a horse’s hoofbeats, and a vibrating sheet of metal sounds like thunder. During the silent film era, the music machine called the Kinematophone was popular because it could produce the sounds of sirens, sleigh bells, gunfire, baby cries, and kisses-all at the press of a key.
5 Other mechanical effects are puppets, robots of all sizes, and tiny copies of buildings or cities.
To reduce the cost of studio sets or location photography, special-effects technicians create painted or projected backgrounds, which replace the set or add to it.
For example, in a long shot of a town, the set might be only a few feet high, and the remainder of the town is painted onto a sheet of glass positioned in fiont of the camera during filming. In a 1916 silent film called The Flying Torpedo, mechanical effects created the appearance of an enemy invasion of the California seacoast. Technicians threw small contact-rigged explosives into toy cities, scattering the tiny buildings into the air. An artist painted a row of battleships on a board that was only six feet long. Carpenters drilled small holes in the ships,
which
were filled with small charges of flash powder to simulate guns. An electrician wired the charges so they could be fired on cue from a small battery. For audiences of the time, the effect was of a real fleet of ships firing on the California coast.
6 Sometimes optical and mechanical effects are used together. For the original 1933 version of King Kong, the filmmakers wanted to show the giant ape climbing the Empire State Building in New York City. To show Kong’s climb, the special-effects technicians built a tiny movable model of the ape and a proportionately small model of the Empire State Building. Then, stop-motion photography was used to create the illusion that Kong was moving up the building.
Why does the author discuss the principle of persistence of vision in paragraph 1?
选项
A、To introduce a discussion of human vision
B、To explain how we remember images
C、To support the idea that film is an illusion
D、To compare two types of special effects
答案
C
解析
The author’s purpose is to support the idea that film is an illusion. Clues: Film is an illusion because the moving pictures seen on the screen are not moving at all; They appear to be moving because (1.6)
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/FwyO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Questions7-10Labelthediagrambelow.ChooseNOMORETHANONEWORDfromthepassageforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersinbox
Lookatthefollowingdescriptionsandthelistofcompaniesbelow.Matcheachdescriptionwiththecorrectcompany,A-F.
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,CorD.Writethecorrectletterinboxesonyouranswersheet.InEurope,aresearchhintsth
Thestartoftheautomobile’shistorywentallthewaybackto1769whenautomobilesrunningonthesteamenginewereinventeda
HowdesertsareformedA.Adesertreferstoabarrensectionofland,mainlyinaridandsemi-aridareas,wherethereisal
HowdesertsareformedA.Adesertreferstoabarrensectionofland,mainlyinaridandsemi-aridareas,wherethereisal
Completethesentencesbelow.ChooseNOMORETHANTWOWORDSfromthepassageforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersinboxesonyou
TheproblemthatConstableGraydescribesis
Whataretheparkingregulationsoncampus?
Completethetablebelow.WriteAiftherepairwillbedoneimmediately.Biftherepairwillbedoneduringthefollowingweek
随机试题
促红细胞生成素的主要作用是促进
上消化道出血患者,下列哪种情况无需作选择性动脉造影
下列与方剂治法关系最为密切的是
治疗子宫内膜异位症气滞血瘀证,应首选的方剂是
某工程项目,发包人将工程主体结构施工和电梯安装分别发包给了甲、乙两个承包人。乙承包人在进行电梯安装时,由于甲承包人不配合,给乙承包人造成了一定的损失,该损失应当由( )承担。
数控机床对进给伺服驱动系统的主要要求有()。
我国统计部门公布的失业率为()。
在哲学家中,和尼采一样是“生前寂寞,身后承认”的还有()。
以下历史事件发生的先后顺序不正确的是()。
中国人民银行2021年11月8日宣布,推出碳减排支持工具。人民银行有关负责人介绍,创设推出碳减排支持工具这一结构性货币政策工具,以稳步有序、精准直达方式,支持()等重点领域的发展,并撬动更多社会资金促进碳减排。①清洁能源②节能环保
最新回复
(
0
)