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  3. Dieting is often doomed to failure. The problem is, we don’t follow the rules we learn. No carbs after 6pm? No problem—until we’

Dieting is often doomed to failure. The problem is, we don’t follow the rules we learn. No carbs after 6pm? No problem—until we’

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问题     Dieting is often doomed to failure. The problem is, we don’t follow the rules we learn. No carbs after 6pm? No problem—until we’re out for dinner, on our second glass of wine and reaching for the bread basket. Everyone has a flash point that makes it hard to say no, but ultimately, resisting temptation is the key to successful weight loss.
    Now research from leading psychologists has identified the parts of the brain involved in resisting temptation, and how we can use them to stop reaching for chocolate cake. Leading the charge is Professor Walter Mischel, the psychologist who, in the 1960s, developed the "marshmallow test", which demonstrated that if children were able to delay gratification, they would be more successful in later life. Mischel’s research has shown that to resist temptation, we have to shift activity away from the "hot" parts of our brain to the "cool" parts. The mind brain has two systems: one is cool, slow and deliberate, and allows for self-control, goal-setting and willpower—the ’no’ system, if you like. The other is hot, emotional and instinctual, and present from birth—the ’go’ system.
    So when you see a chocolate cake, the "hot" part of your brain reacts to thoughts of the delicious taste, and the sugar rush that you have learnt a slice will give you. Instead of giving in, what you need to do is to activate the "cool" part of your brain by thinking about your goals and practicing farsightedness. Imagine the sense of satisfaction you’d get, from fitting into your favourite dress in a couple of weeks’ time, say, or from losing your unsightly tummy bulge before you go sunbathing this summer. It’s a simple strategy, but experiments have shown it is highly effective.
    Perception is also important. Feasting your eyes on desirable food activates the hot system in the brain, which explains what we know instinctively: putting biscuits out of sight in a cupboard will mean you eat fewer of them. "The problem with diets is they are also full of pictures of delicious diet food, and all of this is just priming the hot system," Mischel says.
    Stress is another key issue. It has been shown to switch on the hot part of the brain and cause us to overeat. The first thing to do is to be aware of how stress changes your behavior. Then develop an action plan to deal with it. This might involve taking healthy snacks to work or finding ways to cope better with your time and emotions.
    Brain scans have also shown that memory plays a significant role in overeating. If you habitually eat chocolate, for instance, then every time you see it, you remember the high. So the research is clear: if you want to be slim, fit and healthy, it’s time to take control of your mind.
To resist temptation, one has to______.
选项 A、go see one of the leading psychologists
B、know how the brain functions towards temptation
C、think with the no system rather than the go one
D、trust their instinct and emotion
答案C
解析 属事实细节题。选项A属于移花接木，用到了文中提到的“权威心理学家”，但纯属拼凑而成，故错误。心理学家的研究确实让人们知道了在面对诱惑时大脑是如何运转的，但这不是减肥者必须了解的，而如何根据这个原理去实施减肥计划才是想要成功减肥的人所必须要做的，故选项B错误，选项C符合题意。根据文章大意，本能和感性会增进饮食，故选项D错误。
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