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  3. The mythology of a culture can provide some vital insights into the beliefs and values of that culture. By using fantastic and s

The mythology of a culture can provide some vital insights into the beliefs and values of that culture. By using fantastic and s

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问题     The mythology of a culture can provide some vital insights into the beliefs and values of that culture. By using fantastic and sometimes incredible stories to create an oral tradition by which to explain the wonders of the natural world and teach lessons to younger generations, a society exposes those ideas and concepts held most important. Just as important as the final lesson to be gathered from the stories, however, are the characters and the roles they play in conveying that message.
    Perhaps the epitome of mythology and its use as a tool to pass on cultural values can be found in Aesop’s Fables, told and retold during the era of the Greek Empire. Aesop, a slave who won the favor of the court through his imaginative and descriptive tales, almost exclusively used animals to fill the roles in his short stories. Humans, when at all present, almost always played the part of bumbling nincompoops struggling to learn the lesson being presented. This choice of characterization and personification allows us to see that the Greeks placed wisdom on a level slightly beyond humans, implying that deep wisdom and understanding is a universal quality sought by, rather than stemming from, human beings.
    Aesop’s fables illustrated the central themes of humility and self-reliance, reflecting the importance of those traits in early Greek society. The folly of humans was used to contrast against the ultimate goal of attaining a higher level of understanding and awareness of truths about nature and humanity. For example, one notable fable features a fox repeatedly trying to reach a bunch of grapes on a very high vine. After failing at several attempts, the fox gives up, making up its mind that the grapes were probably sour anyway. The fable’s lesson, that we often play down that which we can’t achieve so as to make ourselves feel better, teaches the reader or listener in an entertaining way about one of the weaknesses of the human psyche.
    The mythology of other cultures and societies reveal the underlying traits of their respective cultures just as Aesop’s fables did. The stories of Roman gods, Aztec ghosts and European elves all served to train ancient generations those lessons considered most important to their community, and today they offer a powerful looking glass by which to evaluate and consider the contextual environment in which those cultures existed.
The main purpose of paragraph 3 is to______.
选项 A、examine how one of Aesop’s fables sheds light on certain facets of Greek belief
B、dissect one of Aesop’s fables in order to study the elements that make up Greek mythology
C、learn from the lesson presented in one of Aesop’s most well-known fables
D、illustrate a fable typical of Aesop’s style, so as to examine how one goes about studying the meaning behind it
答案A
解析 属主旨思想题。第三段第一句指出：《伊索寓言》的主题是谦虚恭谨和自力更生，它反映出，在早期的希腊社会中具有这些品质是非常重要的。下文是进一步的解释和举例说明。由此可知，选项A正确(其中reflect与原文中的shed light on是同义表达)。选项B与本句的意思不符，这一段并不是为了分析构成古希腊神话的要素；选项C过于肤浅，作者写这一段的目的不是让人们学习这则寓言中的道理；选项D在文中没有明确涉及。
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