首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
admin
2015-04-24
65
问题
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the authors’ names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.
No longer. The Internet — and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it — is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.
The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2, 000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1. 2 million articles each year in some 16, 000 journals.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the report’s authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author(or his employer)to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed openaccess, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
With the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required to______.
选项
A、cover the cost of its publication
B、subscribe to the journal publishing it
C、allow other online journals to use it freely
D、complete the peer-review before submission
答案
A
解析
细节推断题。根据题干关键词open—access publishing定位到原文尾段第五句。原句中的pay forthe paper to be published与选项A对应。故答案为A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/FcLO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
GeniusThegreatestresultsinlifeareattainedbysimplemeans,andtheexerciseofordinaryqualities.Thecommonlifeof
Everygeologistisfamiliarwiththeerosioncycle.Nosoonerhasanareaoflandbeenraisedalivesea-levelthanitbecomess
Everygeologistisfamiliarwiththeerosioncycle.Nosoonerhasanareaoflandbeenraisedalivesea-levelthanitbecomess
Therearethreeseparatesourcesofhazard【C1】______totheuseofnuclearreactiontosupplyuswithenergy.Firstly,theradioa
Anewbiotechnologyprocedurethatcouldbecomecommerciallyavailableinaslittleastwotofouryearsis"transgenosis",whic
Thepolicehaveofferedalarge_____forinformationleadingtotherobber’sarrest.
Smallbusinessownersmustaccepttheburdensofentrepreneurship.Beinginbusinessforyour-selfrequiresyourfullattention
Smallbusinessownersmustaccepttheburdensofentrepreneurship.Beinginbusinessforyour-selfrequiresyourfullattention
Basedoneconomicstudies,itseemspossibletoforecastthatarecessionmay______depression.
随机试题
患者,女,60岁。外伤1天,左下肢短缩,足外旋约50°,左髋部压痛,无肿胀,最可能的诊断为
下列成膜材料属于天然高分子成膜材料的是
偏正头痛或巅顶作痛,恶寒发热,目眩鼻塞,舌苔薄白,脉浮。方剂选用
会计人员必须持会计从业资格证书上岗,持证人员应当继续教育,每年参加继续教育(面授)不得少于24小时。
国民经济基础较好的旅游城市和沿海地区适合()旅游产业发展模式。
“既追求让所有人都受到同样的教育,又追求教育的自由化”体现教育特点是()。
从世界教育发展的历程看,第一次工业革命后提出了普及________的要求;第二次工业革命后,提出了普及________的要求;第三次工业革命后,提出了普及________的要求;信息革命后,提出了________的要求。
ActiveinOldAgeKeepsPeopleMobilePeopleover70whoaren’tactivearemorelikelytodevelopproblemswalkingorclimbi
ItwasfifteenpastnineasMariehurriedintotheofficebuildingwhereshewasgoingtowork.Herbushadinchedalongthrough
Iprefer______(live)inthecityratherthaninthecountry.
最新回复
(
0
)