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  3. In the past 35 years, hundreds of millions of Chinese have found productive, if often exhausting, work in the country’s growing

In the past 35 years, hundreds of millions of Chinese have found productive, if often exhausting, work in the country’s growing

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问题     In the past 35 years, hundreds of millions of Chinese have found productive, if often exhausting, work in the country’s growing cities. This extraordinary mobilization of labour is the biggest economic event of the past half-century. The world has seen nothing on such scale before. Will it see anything like it again? The answer lies across the Himalayas in India.
    India is an ancient civilization but a youthful country. Its working-age population is rising by about 12m people a year, even as China’s shrank last year by 3m. Within a decade India will have the biggest potential workforce in the world.
    Optimists look forward to a bumper "demographic dividend" , the result of more workers per dependant and more saving out of income. This combination accounted for perhaps a third of the East Asian miracle. India "has time on its side, literally," boasted one prominent politician, Kamal Nath, in a 2008 book entitled "India’s Century".
    But although India’s dreamers have faith in its youth, the country’s youngest have growing reason to doubt India. The economy raised aspirations that it has subsequently failed to meet. From 2005 to 2007 it grew by about 9% a year. In 2010 it even grew faster than China (if the two economies are measured consistently). But growth has since halved. India’s impressive savings rate, the other side of the demographic dividend, has also slipped. Worryingly, a growing share of household saving is bypassing the financial system altogether, seeking refuge from inflation in gold, bricks and mortar.
    The last time a Congress-led government liberalized the economy in earnest—in 1991—over 40% of today’s Indians had yet to be born. Their anxieties must seem remote to India’s elderly politicians. The average age of cabinet minister is 65. The country has never had a prime minister born in independent India. One man who might buck that trend, Rahul Gandhi, is the son, grandson and the great-grandson of former prime ministers. India is run by gerontocrats (老年统治者) and epigones (子孙): grey hairs and groomed heirs. The apparent indifference of the police to the way young women in particular are treated has underlined the way that old India fails to protect new India.
Which is true according to Paragraph 2?
选项 A、India’s working-age population has shrunk.
B、China’s working-age population has been rising.
C、India is now the biggest potential workforce in the world.
D、India is an ancient country but a young one in the modern world.
答案D
解析 选项A对应原文：India is an ancient civilization but a youthful country. Its working-age population is rising… 可见印度的劳动力人口是在增长，而非萎缩，故A错误。B项对应原文：...even as China’s shrank last year by 3m．中国的劳动力人口是萎缩了，可见选项A和B故意把原文颠倒，选项B也是错误的。选项C对应原文：Within a decade India will have the biggest potential workforce in the world. 文章提到的是“within a decade”，而非选项说的“now”，故错误。选项D对应原文：India is an ancient civilization but a youthful country. 基本上该项和原文第一句是同义转换，故为答案。
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