首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Defenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would destroy the fruits o
Defenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would destroy the fruits o
admin
2018-03-16
65
问题
Defenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would destroy the fruits of a century-long struggle for the protection of women workers. Even a brief examination of the historic practice of courts and employers would show that the fruit of such laws has been bitter; they are, in practice, more of a curse than a blessing.
Sex-defined protective laws have often been based on stereotypical assumptions concerning women’ s needs and abilities, and employers have frequently used them as legal excuses for discriminating against women. After the Second World War, for example, businesses and government sought to persuade women to vacate jobs in factories, thus making room in the labor force for returning veterans. The revival or passage of state laws limiting the daily or weekly work hours of women conveniently accomplished this. Employers had only to declare that overtime hours were a necessary condition of employment or promotion in their factory, and women could be quite legally fired, refused jobs, or kept at low wage levels, all in the name of "protecting" their health. By validating such laws when they are challenged by lawsuits, the courts have colluded over the years in establishing different, less advantageous employment terms for women than for men, thus reducing women’ s competitiveness on the job market. At the same time, even the most well-intentioned lawmakers, courts, and employers have often been blind to the real needs of women. The lawmakers and the courts continue to permit employers to offer employee health insurance plans that cover all known human medical disabilities except those relating to pregnancy and childbirth.
Finally, labor laws protecting only special groups are often ineffective at protecting the workers who are actually in the workplace. Some chemicals, for example, pose reproductive risks for women of childbearing years; manufacturers using the chemicals comply with laws protecting women against these hazards by refusing to hire them. Thus the sex-defined legislation protects the hypothetical female worker, but has no effect whatever on the safety of any actual employee. The health risks to male employees in such industries cannot be negligible, since chemicals toxic enough to cause birth defects in fetuses or sterility in women are presumably harmful to the human metabolism. Protective laws aimed at changing production materials or techniques in order to reduce such hazards would benefit all employees without discriminating against any.
In sum, protective labor laws for women are discriminatory and do not meet their intended purpose. Legislators should recognize that women are in the work force to stay, and that their needs—good health care, a decent wage, and a safe workplace—are the needs of all workers. Laws that ignore these facts violate women’ s rights for equal protection in employment.
According to the first paragraph of the passage, the author considers which of the following to be most helpful in determining the value of special protective labor legislation for women?
选项
A、A comparative study of patterns of work-related illnesses in states that had such laws and in states that did not.
B、An estimate of how many women workers are in favor of such laws.
C、An analysis of the cost to employers of complying with such laws.
D、An examination of the actual effects that such laws have had in the past on women workers.
答案
D
解析
A、B、C项文中均没有提到。根据第三段的论述,可知D项是惟一正确的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/ERWd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Pollutionisa"dirty"word.Topollutemeanstocontaminate—topsoilsomethingbyintroducingimpuritieswhichmake(31)unfito
MasstransportationrevisedthesocialandeconomicfabricoftheAmericancityinthreefundamentalways.Itcatalyzedphysical
Grown-ups,asanychildwilltellyou,aremonstroushypocrites,especiallywhenitcomestotelevision.Itistotaketheirmin
TherecentsocialandeconomicchangesintheU.S.havegreatimpactonalltheAmericanhousingsystem.
Howmanyplanetsarethereinthesolarsystemrevolvingaroundthesun?
Howmanyplanetsarethereinthesolarsystemrevolvingaroundthesun?
Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthatthestudentsshoulddoduringtheterm?
Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthatthestudentsshoulddoduringtheterm?
Thesurveyresultssuggestthatthelargestincreaseinsubstanceuseshouldbe______.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastpara
Whatdoestheconversationmainlydiscuss?
随机试题
人们总是这样问律师:“你明知罪犯有罪,为什么还真诚地为他辩护?”律师答:“我这样做是为了维护法律赋予被告的合法权利,这对于实施法律的公正是必不可少的。”从律师的回答中,能得出以下哪项结论?Ⅰ.被告即使是真正的罪犯,也拥有法律赋予的合法权利。Ⅱ.只要维护
当x→0时,下列无穷小量中与x等价的是()
A、羊膜、叶状绒毛膜、底蜕膜B、初级绒毛、二级绒毛、三级绒毛C、绒毛膜、羊膜D、胎盘、胎膜、脐带、羊水E、真蜕膜、包蜕膜、底蜕膜胎儿附属物包括
具有调理吞噬作用的补体裂解产物是
下列药物中,()为治疗过敏性休克的首选药。
2010年夏秋之交,张某出海打渔,需要2个月后才能回家。气象预报该地近期有强台风。张家的邻居赵某见张某家无人,房子又年久失修,难以承受台风袭击,遂花钱请人对张某家的房子进行了加固,共花费5000元。但台风过后,张某家的房子还是倒塌了。赵某(
我国《宪法》规定县级以上的各级地方人民政府设立审计机关,地方各级审计机关依照法律规定独立行使审计监督权,对下列哪些机关负责?
地理交通位置图的比例宜为()。
移动互联网____________下,不少人成了玩手机的低头族,读屏时间远远多于读书时间。昔日书香____________的象牙塔也难逃时代洪流,引起社会各界对大学生阅读状况的忧虑与关注。依次填入画横线部分最恰当的一项是()。
结构化程序设计中,下面对goto语句使用描述正确的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)