2. 外语
  3. When I first read this line by England’s Poet Laureate, it startled me. What did Masefield mean? Without thinking about it much,

When I first read this line by England’s Poet Laureate, it startled me. What did Masefield mean? Without thinking about it much,

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问题     When I first read this line by England’s Poet Laureate, it startled me. What did Masefield mean? Without thinking about it much, I had always assumed that the opposite was true. But his sober assurance was arresting. I could not forget it.
    Finally, I seemed to grasp his meaning and realized that here was a profound observation. The wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in clear perception, not fogged by anxiety nor dimmed by despair and boredom, and without the blind spots caused by fear.
    Active happiness—not mere satisfaction or contentment--often comes suddenly, like an April shower or the unfolding of a bud. Then you discover what kind of wisdom has accompanied it. The grass is greener; bird songs are sweeter; the shortcomings of your friends are more understandable and more forgivable. Happiness is like a pair of eyeglasses correcting your spiritual vision.
    Nor are the insights of happiness limited to what is near around you. Unhappy, with your thoughts turned in upon your emotional woes, your vision is cut short as though by a wall. Happy, the wall crumbles.
    The long vista is there for the seeing. The ground at your feet, the world about you-- people, thoughts, emotions, pressures—are now fitted into the larger scene. Everything assumes a fairer proportion. And here is the beginning of wisdom.
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答案 终于，我似乎领会了他的意思．并意识到这行诗①意义深远。快乐带来的睿智存在于敏锐的洞察力之间，不会因忧虑而含混迷惑，也不会因绝望和厌倦而黯淡模糊，更不会因恐惧而造成盲点②。 积极的快乐并非单纯的满意或知足．他们通常不期而至，就像四月里突然下起的春雨，或是花蕾的突然绽放③。然后，你就会发觉与快乐结伴而来的究竟是何种体验④。草地更为青翠，鸟吟更为甜美，朋友的缺点也变得更能让人理解、更可宽恕。快乐就像是一副眼镜，可以矫正你的精神视力⑤。 快乐的视野并不仅限于你周围的事物。当你不快乐时，你的思维陷入⑥情感上的悲哀，你的眼界就像是被一道墙给阻隔住了。而当你快乐时⑦，这道墙就会砰然倒塌。
解析     ①根据上文可知，here指this line by England’s Poet Laureate，故译为“这行诗”。
    ②not fogged. . . nor dimmed…，and without he blind spots. . . 是排比结构，整齐有力而富有变化，译文应该用同样的排比句式．译为对应的“不会……也不会……更不会……”结构。
    ③原文…often comes suddenly，like an April shower or the unfolding of a bud行文生动，使用明喻(simile)修辞格，译文同样需注意语言的表达生动，除直译明喻外，将comes suddenly译为成语“不期而至”，两者在翻译中融合成一个有机的语句整体。
    ④wisdom原义为“智慧”，文中实指快乐给人带来的非同寻常的感性经历(experience)，即下文所说的“草地更为青翠，鸟吟更为甜美，朋友的缺点也变得更能让人理解、更可宽恕”，因此译为“体验”，并与后文的“精神视力”形成呼应。翻译不能只是讲究字面对应，需与上下文相连才能求得语义对应。
    ⑤correcting your spiritual vision是现在分词短语作后置定语，可放在中心词前面译为“快乐就像是一副可以矫正你的精神视力的眼镜”；但为了使行文简洁，符合汉语多用简短分句的特征，并强调该短语的内容，将其译为独立分句．“可以矫正你的精神视力”。这是英译汉中典型的一种句式拆分法。
    ⑥turn in upon意为“全神贯注于，陷入”，英文释义为“to become preoccupied with…”。
    ⑦Happy对上句的Unhappy，形成对偶，翻译使用增译法，根据语义逻辑以“你”做主语，译为从句“当你不快乐时”和“当你快乐时”。
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