2. 外语
  3. Every group has a culture, however uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologist , there is no intrinsic sup

Every group has a culture, however uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologist , there is no intrinsic sup

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问题     Every group has a culture, however uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologist , there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist, there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages.
    People once thought of the languages of backward groups as undeveloped. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of "backward" languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex. They differ from western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which reflect the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this aspect, two things are to be noted. First, all languages seem to possess the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. Second, the objects and activities requiting names and distinctions in "backward" languages, while different from the west, are often surprisingly numerous and complicated. A western language distinguishes merely between two degrees of remoteness "this" and "that". But some languages of the American Indians distinguish between what is close to the speaker, or to the person addressed, or removed from both, or out of sight, or in the past, or in the future.
"Backward" languages fall behind western languages in______.
选项 A、structures
B、vocabularies
C、written forms
D、sound patterns
答案B
解析 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第二段第四句“They differ from western languagesnot in their sound patterns or grammatical structures,…but only in their vocabularies．”可知，“Backward”语言和西方语言的区别不是在于发音模式或语法结构，而是在于词汇。由此可知，答案是B。
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