首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A、Some of the doctors are born with the ability. B、Most doctors can develop the ability naturally by i0teracting with patients.
A、Some of the doctors are born with the ability. B、Most doctors can develop the ability naturally by i0teracting with patients.
admin
2011-02-11
64
问题
(I -- Interviewer; S -- Dr. Anthony Smith)
I: Today, we have Dr. Anthony Smith on our morning talk show. We’re going to discuss how to give doctors better skills to communicate bad news. Dr. Smith is a medical oncologist at the University of Washington and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle. He and four colleagues are in the fifth year leading a program funded with one and one-half million dollars from the National Cancer Institute. Good morning Dr. Smith.
S: Good morning.
I: Dr. Smith says specially trained actors play cancer patients to help oncologists learn how to avoid sounding insensitive when the prognosis is grim.
S: Probably the biggest misconception I face is that you’re either born with this or you’re not. In fact, what the research shows is that people learn to do this over time. And the way they learn to do it is they see good role models, they practice, they get specific feedback on what they’re doing, they try out new things, they innovate and develop new conversational practices for themselves.
I: Can you give us some examples of those conversational practices? What are some ways to impart bad news?
S: Here’s an example: the patient has had cancer in the past, has been doing well and is coming in for some routine follow-up tests. The routine follow-up tests unexpectedly show the cancer has started to come back. The doctor will typically go in and say to the patient, "Guess what? Your cancer’s back." And the patient will be just blown away, right? There are a couple of practices that doctors can do that can help. One is to start with -- especially if you don’t know the patient -- asking what the patient expected, what they understood about their cancer, what they were expecting with this test. Because if the patient says to you "You know, they didn’t tell me anything. I’m just here because I got this appointment in the mail," that’s one whole kind of comprehension level. Whereas if the patient says "I had at-one-n-one-m-zero lung cancer and they told me I had a fifty-five percent chance of disease recurrence in the next two years," that’s a whole different story, right? The second thing is that after you give this difficult news, then I think it’s really important to address both the cognitive reaction and also the kind of the emotional side of it.
I: What are some of the phrases or the ways in which you can tell this news?
S: You know, the way to make it easier is to make sure that you are going from the context the patient drew for you. So you go from what the patient understands and you try to use their words as much as possible. And then, when you get to the really bad part of the news, I think it’s actually important to be direct and concrete and not to tell the news. It’s better to say "The cancer has come back" than to say "There are hypo-densities in your liver on the CT" or "You have a malignancy." All those euphemisms force patients to struggle to understand what’s happening to them, and it adds to their confusion and distress.
I: Well, should they say things like "I wish things were different" or "I hope for the best", or should a doctor kind of maintain a distance?
S: You know, my thought about that actually is that the more skilled the physician, the less they have to distance themselves. There are some phrases that we use, and the most important ones are really the ones that are about empathy for the patient. You know," "I see this is a difficult situation," "I see this is not what you expected," "I’m hoping for the best." And I think it’s fine for doctors to talk about hope, and I think it’s important actually.
I: Let me ask you, have you seen any cultural differences come up in the training programs as you’ve had doctors go through?
S:You know, we have actually a very multicultural group of physicians who come, and they all bring in all their own different values about how frank people should be. Because the American standard, of course, is that patients themselves get all the information, they make the decision themselves, and there’s this very strong emphasis on autonomy. And in a lot of other cultures that’s really not the case.
I: And what got you started in the first place?
S: What got me started was, when I was an oncology trainee, and this was after a personal experience -- my mother had died of a pre-leukemia kind of thing. I remember walking around in the bone-marrow transplant wards with this experienced -- it was this other, older senior physician -- going around having these life-and-death conversations with patients and thinking, "God, there has got to be a better way to do this."
I: The result, says Dr. Anthony Smith in Seattle, is a program that has now trained about one hundred- eighty oncologists at retreats held twice a year. Now, time for a commercial. Stay tuned; we’ll be right back.
选项
A、Some of the doctors are born with the ability.
B、Most doctors can develop the ability naturally by i0teracting with patients.
C、Some doctors don’t deem this ability important.
D、Doctors can acquire the ability over time by following good models and practicing.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/BoYO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Weallknowthatprogramminglanguageisthesystemofsyntax,grammar,andsymbolsorwordsusedtogiveinstructionstoacomp
A、Accordingtothemovementandvibrationsofhotgasses.B、ThetradewindsblowonEarth.C、Therivers.D、Thesoundtravelthro
Yesterday,whenLil’Kimwassentencedtoayearandadayinprisonforlyingtoagrandjury,itseemedlikemoreproofthatr
A、economicglobalizationB、legalprofessioninthecontextofglobalizationC、legalprofessionD、economicmattersinthecontext
Foraclearerpictureofwhatthestudentknows,mostofteachersuse【M1】_______anotherkindofexaminationinadditionto
Foraclearerpictureofwhatthestudentknows,mostofteachersuse【M1】_______anotherkindofexaminationinadditionto
A、TocallthecommunitytodonatemoremoneyafteremergencytakesplaceB、Toprovidefinancialhelpaftertheemergencytakesp
A、$350,000.B、$70,000.C、$420,000.D、$1.4million.C
Thewaveofjobcutssweepingthroughtheutilitysectorgatheredpaceyesterdaywith800moreredundanciesplannedbytwoelect
SymptomsSymptomsoftenappearafterthechildreachestheageofsixmonths.Oneofthefirstsignsispainfulswellingoft
随机试题
变压器安装预算定额同样适用于自耦变压器,_________。
水利工程在规定的保修期内出现工程质量问题,维修费用由()承担。
托收和信用证两种支付方式使用的汇票都是商业汇票,都是通过银行收款,所以两者都属于商业信用。()
关于投资性房地产的计量模式,下列说法中错误的是()。
一般纳税人从事下列应税服务的,可以选择按照简易计税方法计算缴纳增值税的有()。
在卫星通信过程中,当太阳光线把太阳、卫星、地面接收站连成一线时,会出现日凌现象,被人们称为“日凌中断通信”。它的原理是()。
毛泽东思想达到成熟的标志是()
5/8.
根据打印机的工作原理,可以将打印机分为()。
CPU执行算术运算或者逻辑运算时,常将源操作数和结果暂存在___________中。
最新回复
(
0
)