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  3. Research that went into developing the highly specialized technology for space travel has resulted in many unexpected practical

Research that went into developing the highly specialized technology for space travel has resulted in many unexpected practical

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问题     Research that went into developing the highly specialized technology for space travel has resulted in many unexpected practical applications back on earth. Out of the engineering that produced rocket motors, liquid propellants, space suits, and other necessities of space flight came by-products that no one had anticipated. Equipment and procedures designed for astronauts and space flights have been successfully adapted for use in medicine, industry, and the home. These valuable products of space research, called spinoffs, have improved the quality of life on earth in many ways.
    Some of the best-known examples of spin-offs from space research are found in hospitals and doctors’ offices. One such example is the sight switch, which was originally developed to allow astronauts to control their spacecraft without using their hands. The sight switch is now used by handicapped people to operate devices using eye movements. Another spin-off is the voice command device, which was designed to enable astronauts to steer their spacecraft by voice command. This device is now being used to help deaf people learn to speak.
    Doctors have also benefited from the technology required to make miniature electronic instruments small enough and durable enough for trips into space. From this technology have come hearing aids the size of an aspirin and television camera which are small enough to be attached to a surgeon’s head to give medical students a close-up view of an operation.
    One of the most valuable contributions of aerospace technology to industry is a management technique called the systems approach. With the aid of computers, this technique brings together all the elements of a complex project, including people, money and materials, to assure that everything is completed at the optimum time. It has been applied to a variety of situations unrelated to space exploration. Among them are cancer research, hospital design, city planning, crime detection, pollution control, building construction, and transportation.
    The experience gained from developing NASA spacesuits was applied to the process of designing clothing for use in other professions. Firefighters now have lighter and special "fireblocking" materials that are more resistant to burning. Spacers used for cushioning in moon boots were adapted for use in athletic shoes that are designed to reduce fatigue and injury.
The author mentions hearing aids and television cameras as examples of______.
选项 A、spin-offs from the technology required to make miniature durable instruments for space flight
B、important applications of space research in industry
C、inventions by aerospace scientists in England
D、ways to enhance the benefits of the systems approach
答案A
解析 细节题。由关键词hearing aids and television cameras可以定位到第三段第一句，第一句话指出医生从为太空航行设计十分微小且耐用的电子仪器的技术里也受益不少。在下文中作者举了助听器和电视摄像机两个例子来加以说明。故本题答案为A。miniature意思是“微小的”，durable意思为“耐用的”。
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