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  3. Political Advertisement: Mayor Delmont’s critics complain about the jobs that were lost in the city under Delmont’s leadership.

Political Advertisement: Mayor Delmont’s critics complain about the jobs that were lost in the city under Delmont’s leadership.

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问题 Political Advertisement:
Mayor Delmont’s critics complain about the jobs that were lost in the city under Delmont’s leadership. Yet the fact is that not only were more jobs created than were eliminated, but each year since Delmont took office the average pay for the new jobs created has been higher than that year’s average pay for jobs citywide. So it stands to reason that throughout Delmont’s tenure the average paycheck in this city has been getting steadily bigger.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument in the advertisement?
选项 A、The unemployment rate in the city is higher today than it was when Mayor Delmont took office.
B、The average pay for jobs in the city was at a ten-year low when Mayor Delmont took office.
C、Each year during Mayor Delmont’s tenure, the average pay for jobs that were eliminated has been higher than the average pay for jobs citywide.
D、Most of the jobs eliminated during Mayor Delmont’s tenure were in declining industries.
E、The average pay for jobs in the city is currently lower than it is for jobs in the suburbs surrounding the city.
答案C
解析 Argument Evaluation
Situation Every year since Mayor Delmont took office, average pay for new jobs has exceeded average pay for jobs citywide. So, the average paycheck in the city has been increasing since Delmont took office.
Reasoning Which option, if true, would most seriously weaken the argument? If average pay for new jobs continually exceeds that for jobs generally, new jobs pay better (on average) than old jobs that still exist. But suppose the following occurred. Every year all of the highest paying jobs are eliminated and replaced with somewhat lower-paying jobs that still pay more than the average job. The result would be that every year the average pay for a new job would be greater than that for existing jobs, but the average pay for all jobs would nonetheless decrease. Thus, if every year during the mayor’s tenure the jobs that were eliminated paid better on average than jobs citywide, that would seriously weaken the argument: the conclusion could be false even if the information on which it is based is true.
A The percentage of people in the city who have a job has no direct bearing on whether the average pay for jobs citywide is increasing or decreasing.
B Whether the average pay was low when the mayor took office in comparison to the ten preceding years is immaterial to the comparison addressed in the argument’s conclusion.
C Correct. This information weakens the argument because it opens up the possibility that the jobs eliminated had higher average pay than the jobs created during Mayor Delmont’s tenure. This in turn would mean that the average pay was not increasing during Mayor Delmont’s tenure.
D This, too, has no bearing on the argument, because we have no information about the average pay for jobs in those declining industries.
E This is also irrelevant. No comparison is made (or implied) in the argument between jobs in the city and jobs in the suburbs.
The correct answer is C.
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