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  3. It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder,【C1】________, to understand their negative consequences. Most wor

It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder,【C1】________, to understand their negative consequences. Most wor

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问题     It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder,【C1】________, to understand their negative consequences. Most work-related behaviours have multiple components.【C2】________one and the others become distorted.
    Travel on a London bus and you’ll【C3】________see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to【C4】________that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus? They are【C5】________. How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.
    Why? Because the target is【C6】________. People complained that buses were late and infrequent.
    【C7】________, the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were【C8】________or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit their targets. But they【C9】________hit cyclists. If the target was changed to【C10】________, you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing. If the criterion changed to safety, you would get more【C11】________drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time.
    There is another【C12】________: people become immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you【C13】________ that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a【C14】________is meant to take. A one-hour flight is now billed as a two-hour flight.
    The【C15】________of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well【C16】________others. Everything can be done faster and made cheaper, but there is a【C17】________. Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.
    This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria【C18】________critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not to【C19】________just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better【C20】________the objective.
【C1】
选项 A、therefore
B、however
C、again
D、moreover
答案B
解析 本题考查上下文逻辑关系。考生通过判断本填空所在句子信息与之前的句子信息之间存在何种逻辑关系来确定答案。本填空之前的句子信息是“给员工设定目标并非难事”，而本填空所在句子的信息是“理解这些目标的负面后果要困难得多”，很明显前后句子信息之间存在转折关系。考生把握前句中的关键线索词not difficult(不难)与后句中的much harder(很难)就能看出两句之间的转折逻辑关系。四个选项中唯一表达转折关系的选项是B项however(然而)，因此本题答案为选项B。其他选项例如A项therefore(因此)表示因果关系，C项again(再次)和D项moreover(而且)表示递进关系，均予以排除。
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