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  3. An overt impact of modem information systems concerns the individual’s standard and style of living. Information systems affect

An overt impact of modem information systems concerns the individual’s standard and style of living. Information systems affect

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问题    An overt impact of modem information systems concerns the individual’s standard and style of living. Information systems affect the scope and quality of health care, make social services more equitable, enhance personal comfort, provide a greater measure of safety and mobility, and extend the variety of leisure forms at one’s disposal. More subtly but equally important, they also affect the content and style of an individual’s work and in so doing perturb the social and legal practices and conventions to which one is accustomed. New kinds of information products and media necessitate a redefinition of the legal conventions regulating the ownership of products of the human intellect. Moreover, massive data-collecting systems bring into sharp focus the elusive borderline between the common good and personal privacy, calling the need to safeguard stored data against accidental or illegal access, disclosure, or misuse.
   Individuals cannot ignore the impact of automation and information-processing systems on their skills and jobs. Information technology makes obsolete, in part or in entirety, many human functions: first mechanical and repetitive tasks were affected; now clerical and paraprofessional tasks are being automated; and eventually highly skilled and some professional functions will be made unnecessary. Individuals performing these functions face the probability of shorter periods of employment and the need to adapt or change their skills. As technologies, including information technology, grow more sophisticated, their learning curves stretch or the required skills become narrower; continuing training and education are likely to become a way of life for both employee and employer. Unlike the slow, gradual evolution of human labour in past generations, present day changes are occurring rapidly and with little warning. Unless society members anticipate these effects and prepare to cope with them mentally and in practice, job dislocations and forced geographic relocations may prove traumatic for employees and their families.
   The perhaps more fundamental issue of paramount long-term significance for society has to do with the well-being of the human spirit in an increasingly knowledge-intensive environment. In such an environment, knowledge is the principal and perhaps most valuable currency. The growing volume and the rate of obsolescence of knowledge compel the individual to live in the continuous presence of, and frequent interaction with, information resources and systems. Effective use of these resources and systems may be a modern definition of literacy, while the absence of such a skill may very well result in intellectual and possibly economic poverty and inequity. There is a real danger that humans, unwilling or incapable or not given access to information, may be relegated to an existence that falls short of the human potential.
This passage is mainly about ______.
选项 A、information technology
B、an increasingly knowledge-intensive environment
C、a modern definition of literacy
D、effects of modern information systems on the individual
答案D
解析 该题问：这篇文章主要谈的是什么，本文共三段，每段第——句话表达的都是该段的主要总思。这三句话分别是：1)An overt impact of modern information systems concerns the individual’s standard and style of living；2)Individuals  cannot ignore the impact of automation and information-processing systems on their skills and jobs；3)The perhaps more fundamental issue of paramount long-term significance for society has to do with the well-being of the  human spirit in an increasingly knowledge intensive environment。由此可知，本文主要论述的是当代信息系统对人各方面的影响。所以，选项D的effects of modern information systems on the individual应为正确答案。其他三个选项A的information technology(信息技术)；B的an increasingly knowledge-intensive environment(知识日趋密集的环境)；C的a modern definition of literacy(当代对文化的一种定义)涉及的只是本文论述过程提到的几个具体问题而已，并不代表全文的主要意思，
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