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  3. A new report shows that while workers have steadily increased the age at which they expect to retire beyond 65—from 11 percent i

A new report shows that while workers have steadily increased the age at which they expect to retire beyond 65—from 11 percent i

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问题     A new report shows that while workers have steadily increased the age at which they expect to retire beyond 65—from 11 percent in 1991 to 36 percent when the survey was taken—the median retirement age has, in fact, been stuck at 62 since 1991.
    That’s one of the reality checks in the 25 th annual Retirement Confidence Survey by the nonprofit Employee Benefit Research Institute(EBRI). The report, which surveyed both workers and retirees, aged 25 and up: The percentage of workers in retirement plans feeling "very confident" about retiring comfortably doubled from 2013 to 2015, to 28 percent. But just 12 percent of workers without retirement plans are "very confident" about retiring comfortably.
    Those very confident workers with retirement plans aren’t more optimistic without reason. The big jump in confidence shocked EBRI’s director of research, Jack VanDerhei. He looked at the change in account balances in his database of 401(k)plans, which covers 27 million participants. In just the year ending Jan. 1, 2015, gains ranged from a low of 19 percent to a high of 47. 9 percent.
    But whether they’re in a retirement plan or not, many of those surveyed don’t seem to be making big increases to their retirement savings, VanDerhei said. On top of the market gains, workers in 401(k)retirement plans might benefit from having their contributions automatically increased each year. And while 69 percent of workers said they could save $ 25 more a week than they are now, they went on to contradict themselves, as 50 percent also said that the pressure of daily costs means they can’t afford to save additional money.
    One of the most glaring areas in which expectations and reality diverged is in the percentage of income that workers think they’ll need to replace in retirement: 56 percent think they should be able to live on no more than 70 percent of pre-retirement income.
    "I suspect most people are ignoring medical expenses," VanDerhei says. "They magically think Medicare will take care of everything, and very few factor in long-term care expenses. " Once they take the latter into account, he says, that 70 percent estimate blows up, unless they’re lucky enough to have a good long-term care policy. If they’re luckier still and don’t need long-term care, they can probably get away with 100 percent of pre-retirement income. Yet just 10 percent of workers estimated that they’d need more than 95 percent of pre-retirement income in retirement.
    There was some good news in those numbers, too. Thirty-one percent of retirees said they had left the workforce earlier because they could afford it, and 17 percent said a desire to do something else played into retiring earlier than planned. Still, it’s a risky proposition. "If you have a choice, take control of what you can control, and don’t defer the pain until later, when you have zero control over whether you’ll continue to work or not," VanDerhei says.
Workers will get 100% of their pre-retirement income if they______.
选项 A、are lucky enough to have a long-term care policy
B、don’t need to pay for medical and care expenses
C、try their best to keep fit and stay healthy
D、will have to pay for possible medical-care expenses in the future
答案B
解析 推断题。根据题干定位到倒数第二段。关键句：If they’re luckier still and don’t needlong—term care．they can probably get away with 100 percent of pre—retirement income．“如果他们更加幸运，不需要长期护理，那么他们或许可以得到100％的退休前收入。”由此可知工人们退休后得到100％的退休前收入不是没有可能的，前提条件是他们不需要支付医疗和护理费用，所以[B]选项正确。[A]选项中仅仅有“长期的护理政策”是不够的，该选项可排除。[C]选项中“尽力保持健康”不代表一定可以做到，所以该选项错误，可排除。[D]选项判断错误，可排除。
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