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  3. Read carefully the following excerpt on discounts for being polite across the world, and then write your response in NO LESS THA

Read carefully the following excerpt on discounts for being polite across the world, and then write your response in NO LESS THA

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问题     Read carefully the following excerpt on discounts for being polite across the world, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:
    . summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then
    . comment on whether polite behavior should be encouraged by monetary means. You can support yourself with information from the excerpt.
    Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
                                Discounts for Being Polite
    A Chinese university is offering students a 50 percent discount in its canteen if they show some common courtesy to the canteen staff, it’s reported. The new incentive has been implemented at Anhui Normal University, as part of a campus-wide campaign to improve students’ manners.
    To qualify for the discount, which cuts the cost of a meal from 6 yuan to 3 yuan, students only have to utter niceties such as "hello", "please" and "thank you". Anyone who tells the staff "you worked hard" will also be rewarded.
    "Recently the school hosted a great discussion about how we could introduce ideas about etiquette, and we considered how to give the canteen an educational function in changing customers’ behavior," says the university official Jing Fangming.
    Similarly, a cafe in Virginia has come up with almost the same strategy to convince customers to be more polite. The business offers financial rewards to those who mind their p’s and q’s. A sign outside the establishment advertises different costs for a cup of coffee depending on how courteous the customer is when ordering. The prices are listed with the typical phrases a patron might use when placing their order. They include: "small coffee" at $5, "small coffee please" at $3 and "hello, one small coffee please" at $1.75.
    Fabrice Pepino, manager of the cafe, said of the rationale: "At lunchtime people would come in very stressed and were sometimes rude to us when they ordered a coffee. " He added, "I know this is not the best way to use money to get basic etiquette, but it works and it makes sense that civilized behavior doesn’t come naturally. "
选项
答案 Paying for Being Polite Is Unjustified Recently, two cafeterias at home and abroad offered considerable discounts for customers who showed polite manners. Justified as a special way to teach courtesy into the minds of the stressed people, this attempt gains applause for itself. However, in my opinion, using politeness as a bargaining chip is not a proper way to promote civilized behavior. To begin with, encouraging social etiquette via money sends a wrong message about politeness itself. While it may appeal to the cash-strapped students on campus or elsewhere, tragically, it reduces the value of being socially refined. The quality of being considerate toward others, if not embedded in our nature at birth, should be cultivated in a more proper way. Besides, the rewards of such a generous yet meaningless attempt cannot justify itself. Some people may offer smiles due to the savage magic of monetary rewards as a windfall instead of enjoying the balm of being polite. One disappointing possibility may be that once they return to the hustle and bustle of their lives, they may soon forget to show courtesy to others. To sum up, courteous behavior should be promoted at a spiritual level. As an old Confucius saying goes: "Do as you would be done by others. " Politeness is not something we pay in the hope of getting paid, be it a discount, a round of applause from others or a sense of satisfaction, but rather something that proves ourselves to be civilized human beings and distinguishes us from animals.
解析     本题讨论是否应该用金钱手段鼓励人们的礼貌行为。选段中分别给出了中国和外国用金钱鼓励礼貌行为的例子，并用了两段引语表明了这种行为的理由。本题的写作重点在于：首先概括选段内容，即用金钱鼓励礼貌行为这种现象以及这种做法的原因，然后就礼貌行为是否应该用金钱来鼓励这一话题表达自己的观点。
    开头部分首先开门见山，概括选段中呈现的两个国内外用金钱激励人们礼貌行为的例子；然后概述选段中对这种行为的态度；最后表达自己的不同观点。
    中间部分首先批驳了用金钱鼓励人们礼貌行为的做法，因为这样会引起人们对礼貌的误解。然后欲抑先扬，表明虽然对于囊中羞涩的人来说会起到一时的作用，但本质上这种做法有损于礼貌这种人类品性的价值。其次，从另外一个角度说明金钱鼓励的行为本身起不到长期效果。一些人一旦没有金钱刺激，可能就会忘记如何礼貌待人。
    结尾部分首先总结并重申主要观点，即礼貌行为应该从精神层面来引导。然后引用儒家“己所不欲，勿施于人”的名言提升话题，并且从本质上批驳用金钱鼓励礼貌行为这种做法的荒谬性。最后指出，礼貌是文明人类必有的本性，是我们区别于动物的特征。
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