首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Although French, German, American and British pioneers have all been credited with the invention of cinema, the British and the
Although French, German, American and British pioneers have all been credited with the invention of cinema, the British and the
admin
2013-02-03
47
问题
Although French, German, American and British pioneers have all been credited with the invention of cinema, the British and the Germans played a relatively small role in its worldwide exploitation. It was above all the French, followed closely by the Americans, who were the most passionate exporters of the new invention, helping to start cinema in China, Japan, Latin America and Russia. In terms of artistic development it was again the French and the Americans who took the lead, though in the years before the First World War, Italy, Denmark and Russia also played a part.
In the end it was the United States that was to become, and remain, the largest single market for films. By protecting their own market and pursuing a vigorous export policy, the Americans achieved a dominant position on the world market by the start of the First World War. The centre of film-making had moved’ westwards, to Hollywood, and it was films from these new Hollywood studios that flooded onto the world’s film markets in the years after the First World War, and have done so ever since. Faced with total Hollywood domination, few film industries proved competitive. The Italian industry, which had pioneered the feature film with spectacular films like Quo Vadis? (1913) and Cabiria (1914) , almost collapsed. In Scandinavia, the Swedish cinema had a brief period of glory, notably with powerful epic films and comedies. Even the French cinema found itself in a difficult position. In Europe, only Germany proved industrially capable, while in the new Soviet Union and in Japan, the development of the cinema took place in conditions of commercial isolation.
Hollywood took the lead artistically as well as industrially. Hollywood films appealed because they had better-constructed narratives, their special effects were more impressive, and the star system added a new dimension to screen acting. If Hollywood did not have enough of its own resources , it had a great deal of money to buy up artists and technical innovations from Europe to ensure its continued dominance over present or future competition.
From early cinema, it was only American slapstick comedy that successfully developed in both short and feature format. However, during this "Silent Film" era, animation, comedy, serials and dramatic features continued to thrive, along with factual films or documentaries, which acquired an increasing distinctiveness as the period progressed. It was also at this time that the avant-garde film first achieved commercial success, this time thanks almost exclusively to the French and the occasional German film.
Of the countries which developed and maintained distinctive national cinemas in the silent period , the most important were France, Germany and the Soviet Union. Of these, the French displayed the most continuity, in spite of the war and post-war economic uncertainties. The German cinema, relatively insignificant in the pre-war years, exploded on to the world scene after 1919. Yet even they were both overshadowed by the Soviets after the 1917 Revolution. They turned their back on the past, leaving the style of the pre-war Russian cinema to the Emigres who fled westwards to escape the Revolution.
The other countries whose cinemas changed dramatically are : Britain, which had an interesting but undistinguished history in the silent period: Italy, which had a brief moment of international fame just before the war; the Scandinavian countries, particularly Denmark, which played a role in the development of silent cinema quite out of proportion to their small population; and Japan, where a cinema developed based primarily on traditional theatrical and, to a lesser extent, other art forms and only gradually adapted to western influence.
______played the main role in cinema’ s worldwide exploitation and led the artistic development
选项
答案
the French and the Americans
解析
文章第一段提到法国人和美国人were the most passionate exporters of the new invention(the cinema),后又提到In terms of artistic development it was again the French and the Americans who took the lead。
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/7UyK777K
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
WhilebaseballisoftendescribedasthenationalsportoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,itprobablydevelopedfromaneighteent
Winecanbemadewithredgrapesorwhitegrapes,and,especiallyinthecaseofredwines,anumberofdoctorshavereportedth
TensofmillionsoftelevisionviewersaroundtheworldhavebecomefamiliarwiththemusicaltalentshowTheXFactor,whichor
ThenumberofresidentswhosenativelanguageisnotEnglishhasrisen34%inthelasttenyearstoapproximately53million,ac
Thetermcultureshockwasintroducedforthefirsttimein1958todescribetheanxietyproducedwhenapersonmovestoacompl
—Hello!I’dliketomailthisletter,please.—______—Express.Thisisauniversityapplicationform.It’simportantthattheu
Intheearly1950stheresearcherswhoproducedthefirstcladglassopticalfiberswerenotthinkingofusingthemforcommunic
Intheearly1950stheresearcherswhoproducedthefirstcladglassopticalfiberswerenotthinkingofusingthemforcommunic
Supposeyouhavetwooptionsupongraduation:oneistotakeajobinacompanyandtheothertogotoagraduateschool.Youare
Youaresupposedtobeasecretarywhoisgoingtonotifythestaffofashorttourattheweekendorganizedbythecompany.The
随机试题
增殖型肠结核引起肠腔狭窄的主要原因是
胎膜早破应首先给予
分析评价开发区规划实施对生态环境的影响,主要包括()影响。
依据《中华人民共和国森林法》,成熟的用材林应当根据不同情况,分别采取择伐、皆伐和渐伐方式,()应当严格控制,并在采伐的当年或者次年内完成更新造林。
《合同法》规定的解决合同纠纷的方式有()。
下列哪项没有运用热胀冷缩原理?
要创作一件艺术作品,包括一篇文学作品,需要一些条件,这就是知识、经验、想象三样东西。把知识和经验___________组织起来,就是___________。填入画横线部分最恰当的一项是:
联系中小学实际,分析自我教育在学校德育中的地位和作用。
美国联邦储备银行的资本则由各会员银行认购。()
这是妈妈为我新打的毛衣。
最新回复
(
0
)