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  3. According to the prevailing view, Homo erectus, an ancestor of Homo sapiens, lacked the intellectual and technological sophistic

According to the prevailing view, Homo erectus, an ancestor of Homo sapiens, lacked the intellectual and technological sophistic

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问题     According to the prevailing view, Homo erectus, an ancestor of Homo sapiens, lacked the intellectual and technological sophistication to have achieved controlled use of fire; that had to wait for the emergence of H. sapiens 40,000 years ago. However, recent evidence seriously undermines this view. At two sites in Kenya, many small, lens-shaped patches of discolored earth were uncovered along with bones and stone tools of H. erectus. Analysis showed that the patches, which, like the tools and bones, dated from 1.6 million years ago, were almost certainly the result of deliberately built fires, since those fires were evidently much hotter than typical naturally occurring bush fires. The size of the patches rules out lightning strikes, which could have explained the fires’ high temperatures. Furthermore, the fires were fed by a mixture of grasses and woods that strongly deliberately collected fuel. In addition, many of H. erectus’ tools were made of basalt or quartz, stones when exposed to the intense heat near a campfire, form characteristic dimples on their surface. A recent study found that such dimples never appear on tools dating earlier than 1.6 million years ago but do consistently appear on later tools.
The fact that “many of H. erectus’ tools were made of basalt or quartz” is relevant to the argument of the passage for which of the following reasons?
选项 A、No tools made from these stones have been found in sites associated with H. sapiens.
B、These stones must have been deliberately collected for tool use.
C、These stones rarely appear in sites dating later than 40,000 years ago.
D、The tools formed from these stones could not have been formed without the use of intense heat.
E、These stones develop certain characteristics in response to high temperatures.
答案E
解析 这些石头经受高温后会产生凹痕，根据文章最后一句，直到160万年前的工具上才出现了凹痕，这说明直立人开始主动用火的时间就是160万年前，因此选项E正确。
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