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  3. According to a recent publication of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, at the present rate of progress, it will take

According to a recent publication of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, at the present rate of progress, it will take

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问题     According to a recent publication of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, at the present rate of progress, it will take forty-three years to end job discrimination— hardly a reasonable timetable.
    If our goal is educational and economic equity and parity, it is then we need affirmative action to catch up. We are behind as a result of discrimination and denial of opportunity. There is one white attorney for every 680 whites, but only one black attorney for every 4,000 blacks; one white physician for every 659 whites, but only one black physician for every 5,000 blacks; and one white dentist for every 1,900 whites, but only one black dentist for every 8,400 blacks. Less than 1 percent of all engineers or of all practicing chemists is black. Cruel and uncompassionate injustice created gaps like these. We need creative justice and compassion to help us close them.
    Actually, in the U. S. context, "reverse discrimination" is illogical and a contradiction in terms. Never in the history of mankind has a majority, with power, engaged in programs and written laws that discriminate against itself. The only thing whites are giving up because of affirmative action is unfair advantage something that was unnecessary in the first place.
    Blacks are not making progress at the expense of whites, as news accounts make it seem. There are 49 percent more whites in medical school today and 64 percent more whites in law school than there were when affirmative action programs began some eight years ago.
    In a recent column, William Raspberry raised an interesting question. Commenting on the Bakke case, he asked, "What if, instead of setting aside 16 of 100 slots, we added 16 slots to the 100?" That, he suggested, would not interfere with what whites already have. He then went on to point out that this, in fact, is exactly what has happened in law and medical schools. In 1968, the year before affirmative action programs began to get un-der way, 9,571 whites and 282 members of minority groups entered U. S. medical schools. In 1976, the figures were 14,213 and 1,400,respectively. Thus,, under affirmative action, the number of "white places" actually rose by 49 percent; white access to medical training was not diminished, but substantially increased. The trend was even more marked in law schools. In 1969, the first year for which reliable figures are available, 2,933 minority-group members were enrolled; ’in 1976, the number was up to 8,484. But during the same period, law school enrollment for whites rose from 65,453 to 107,064 an increase of 64 percent. In short, it is a myth that blacks are making progress at white expense.
    Allan Bakke did not really challenge preferential treatment in general, for he made no challenge to the preferential treatment accorded to the children of the rich, the alumni and the faculty or to athletes or the very talented only to minorities.
It requires______to close the gaps between the whites and the blacks in the U. S.
选项 A、one black attorney for ever 4,000 blacks
B、a lot more black engineers and chemists
C、education and economic development
D、creative justice and compassion
答案D
解析 题目考查“弥合美国白人和黑人间的隔阂需要的条件”。第二段倒数两句：Cruel and uncompassionate injustice created gaps like these．We need creative justice and compassion to help us close them．通过这两句话可知，冷酷无情的不公正制造了差距，我们需要创造性的公正和同情来消除差距。据此判断，应选择D。
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