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  3. Courage Some of the world’s oldest and best stories are about courage. They are stories that people always want to hear, and

Courage Some of the world’s oldest and best stories are about courage. They are stories that people always want to hear, and

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问题 Courage
   Some of the world’s oldest and best stories are about courage. They are stories that people always want to hear, and they have been told again and again. Many of these are in this book—stories of Leonidas and Joan of Arc, for example, of Robert Bruce and Grace Darling. Some of these heroes lived hundreds of years ago, but their courage will never be forgotten.
   You will also find in this book stories that are not nearly so well known, such as the story of Sir Edmund Verney, Charles I’s Standard Bearer, or of John Stuart Mould, the Australian, who risked his life taking mines to pieces. Some are stories of the past; more than a quarter are about people who lived in this century, such as John Kennedy, Thor Heyerdahl, and the South African Negro leader, Albert Luthuli. You will have read about some of them in the newspapers, or heard people talking of them, but some of them will probably be quite new to you.
   We have chosen courageous people from all over the world: Alexander Nevsky was Russian, John Sobieski and Marie Curie were Polish, Madeleine de Vercheres was a French Canadian, and Toussaint l’Ouverture, who lived in the West Indies, was the grandson of an African chief.
   The oldest stories here are almost all about courage in 【C1】______, for in the days when battles were the most important【C2】______ , this was the sort of courage people always【C3】______. But later they began to realize that other ways of being brave could be【C4】______ important, and sometimes, perhaps, needed 【C5】______ courage than fighting bravely. Now we admire people【C6】______ the courage to say and teach what they believe in, 【C7】______ we have the stories of Socrates, and of religious martyrs【C8】______St. Peter to Edmund Campion. You need courage to face【C9】______, as Alexander Nevsky and William the Silent both【C10】______ at times. You need courage to fight against illness or 【C11】______, as Franklin Roosevelt, Beethoven, and Helen Keller【C12】______. And you need even more courage to go on and on【C13】______ and trying again, however often you fail. Neither Elizabeth Garrett Anderson nor Marie Curie【C14】______their great and useful work if they【C15】______ this kind of courage.
   Elizabeth Garrett Anderson was a pioneer, a woman who had the courage to do something new. A pioneer is a kind of【C16】______ — just as much an explorer as Shackleton, who faced【C17】______ from the elements, or as Alan Shepard and other pioneers in space, who face the【C18】______.
   There is another kind of courage which is less easy to recognize and probably does【C19】______ so much fame, and that is the courage of a person who starts by being a【C20】______. There are some people who, almost without thinking, can show【C21】______courage in the excitement of a moment; there are others who【C22】______ want to ran away. St. Peter wanted to【C23】______, and so in the 16th century did Thomas Cranmer. When people like this 【C24】______ their natural cowardice and force themselves to be 【C25】______ , as both these men did, we respect them very much, 【C26】______ they may have failed before.
   You can probably think of people who might be in this book and are not; but we could only choose 43 【C27】______ of courage out of the many thousands that there are. Some heroes have not been 【C28】______ in this book because their stories are told in one of【C29】______ books in this series. The story of Gandhi, the great Indian【C30】______ , comes in the book India and Her Neighbours; in Exploring the world there is the story of the selfless courage of Captain Oates who deliberately walked out into the Antarctic blizzard to die, so as to give his companions a better hope of surviving. In the same book are the stories of many other gallant explorers.
   Last of all there are the brave people nobody knows about: the people who were brave even when there was no one there to see, and who said nothing about it; people who let others have the praise for what they did; and people who faced things which their friends never knew needed courage. Nobody writes stories about them, but many of us can recognize people like this among our own friends.
【C17】
选项 A、danger
B、ups and downs
C、set-backs
D、difficulties
答案A
解析
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