2. 外语
  3. A. Microcomputer A microcomputer is a desktop or notebook size computing device that uses a microprocessor as its Central Pr

A. Microcomputer A microcomputer is a desktop or notebook size computing device that uses a microprocessor as its Central Pr

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问题 A. Microcomputer
    A microcomputer is a desktop or notebook size computing device that uses a microprocessor as its Central Processing Unit, or CPU. Microcomputers are also called Personal Computers (PCs), home computers, small business computers, and micros. The smallest, most compact are called laptops. When they first appeared, they were considered single user devices, and they were capable of handling only four, eight, or 16 bits of information at one time. More recently the distinction between microcomputers and large, mainframe computers (as well as the smaller mainframe type systems called minicomputers) has become blurred, as newer microcomputer models have increased the speed and data handling capabilities of their CPUs into the 256 bit, or even much more bit multi-user range.
B. Minicomputer
    A minicomputer is a mid-level computer built to perform complex computations while dealing efficiently with a high level of input and output from users connected via terminals. Minicomputers also frequently connect to other minicomputers on a network and distribute processing among all the attached machines. Minicomputers are used heavily in transaction processing applications and as interfaces between mainframe computer systems and wide area networks (WAN).
C. Mainframe Computer
    A mainframe computer is a high level computer designed for the most intensive computational tasks. Mainframe computers are often shared by multiple users connected to the computer via terminals. The most powerful mainframes, called supercomputers, perform highly complex and time consuming computations and are used heavily in both pure and applied research by scientists, large businesses, and the military.
D. Supercomputer
    In computer science, supercomputers are large, extremely fast, and expensive computers used for complex or sophisticated calculations, typically, machines capable of pipelining instruction execution and providing vector instructions. A supercomputer can, for example, perform the enormous number of calculations required to draw and animate a moving spaceship in a motion picture. Supercomputers are also used for weather forecasting, large scale scientific modeling, and oil exploration and so on and so like.
E. Distributed or Grid Computing
    The power needed for some calculations is more than even a single supercomputer can manage. In distributed computing using a PC grid many computers of all sizes can work on parts of the problem and their results are pooled. A number of current projects rely on volunteers with computers connected to the Internet. The computers do the work when they are not busy otherwise. The projects that need distributed computing are highly technical. For example, the SETI@Home project looks for signs of intelligent communication in radio signals coming from space. (SETI stands for Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence.)
If you devote your computer for this project Entropie (modeling evolution of resistance to drugs and designing better AIDS treatments), you might be asked to load a small screen-saver program onto your own computer.
选项
答案E
解析 段落E是关于光栅电脑的，严格意义上讲，它不是一种电脑类型，但是从此文介绍可知，众多电脑通过网络资源连接在一起做一些公益的或者有兴趣的项目如文中提到的探寻外空间智能生物的研究。如果你希望参与对艾滋病有关项目的研究，那么，你的电脑就成为光栅电脑网络的一分子。故E是正确答案。
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