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  3. One of these pioneer ecologists was Frederick Clements, who studied ecology extensively throughout the Midwest and other areas i

One of these pioneer ecologists was Frederick Clements, who studied ecology extensively throughout the Midwest and other areas i

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问题     One of these pioneer ecologists was Frederick Clements, who studied ecology extensively throughout the Midwest and other areas in North America. He held that within any given region of climate, ecological communities tended to slowly converge toward a single endpoint, which he called the "climatic climax." This "climax" community was, in Clements’s mind, the most well-balanced, integrated grouping of species that could occur within that particular region. Clements even thought that the process of ecological succession—the replacement of some species by others over time—was somewhat akin to the development of an organism, from embryo to adult. Clements thought that succession represented discrete stages in the development of the community(rather like infancy, childhood, and adolescence), terminating in the climatic "adult" stage, when the community became self-reproducing and succession ceased. Clements’s view of the ecological community reflected the notion of a precise balance of nature.
Which of the following best represents the view of ecological communities associated with Frederick Clements in paragraph 2?
选项 A、Only when all species in a community are at the reproductive stage of development is an ecological community precisely balanced.
B、When an ecological community achieves "climatic climax," it begins to decline.
C、All climates have similar climax communities.
D、Ecological communities eventually reach the maximum level of balance that is possible for their region.
答案D
解析
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