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  3. The Moralization Switch The starting point for appreciating that there is a distinctive part of our psychology for morality

The Moralization Switch The starting point for appreciating that there is a distinctive part of our psychology for morality

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问题                  The Moralization Switch
    The starting point for appreciating that there is a distinctive part of our
psychology for morality is seeing how moral judgments differ from other
kind of opinions we have on how people ought to behave. Moralization is a 【M1】______
psychological state that can be turned on and off like switch, and when it is 【M2】______
on, a distinctive mind-set commandeers our thinking. This is the mind-set
that makes us deem actions moral (""killing is wrong""), rather than merely 【M3】______
disagreeable (""I hate brussels sprouts""), unfashionable (""bell-bottoms are
out"") or imprudent (""don’t scratch mosquito bites""). The first hallmark of
moralization is the rules it invokes are felt to be universal. Prohibitions of 【M4】______
rape and murder, for example, are felt not to be matters of local custom as 【M5】______
to be universally and objectively warranted. One can easily say, ""I don’t like
brussels sprouts, but I don’t care if you ate them,"" but no one would say, ""I 【M6】______
don’t like killing, but I don’t care if you murder someone."" The other hall
mark is that people feel that those who commit immoral acts deserve to be
punished. Not only is it allowable to inflict pain to a person who has broken 【M7】______
a moral rule; it is wrong not to, to ""let them get away from it."" People are 【M8】______
thus untroubled in inviting divine retribution or the power of the state to
harm other people they deem it immoral. Bertrand Russell wrote, ""The in- 【M9】______
fliction of cruelty with a good conscience is a delight to moralists—that is how 【M10】______
they invented hell."
【M10】
选项
答案how —why
解析 本句大意是“对道德家来说，良心不受谴责地施行冷酷的惩罚是一种愉悦。——这就是为什么他们发明了地狱。”无法理解为“这就是他们如何发明地狱的”，所以how应该改为why。
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