2. 外语
  3. Read this text from an article about overcoming the language barrier. Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill i

Read this text from an article about overcoming the language barrier. Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill i

admin2012-12-14  95
问题 Read this text from an article about overcoming the language barrier.
Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill in each of the gaps.
For each gap 9—14, mark one letter A—H on your Answer Sheet.
Do not use any letter more than once.
There is an example at the beginning (0).

                        Conquering the Language Barrier
    The discovery that language can be a barrier to communication is quickly made by all who travel, study, govern or sell. Whether the activity is tourism, researcn, government, policing, business, or data dissemination, the lack of a common language can severely impede progress or can halt it altogether. 0 "They don’t speak the same language" has a major metaphorical meaning alongside its literal one.
    9 Publicity comes only when a failure to communicate has major consequences, such as strikes, lost orders, legal problems, or fatal accidents, even, at times, war. One reported instance of communication failure took place in 1970, when several Americans ate a species of poisonous mushrooms. No remedy was known, and two of the people died within days. A radio report of the case was heard by a chemist who knew of a treatment that had been successfully used in 1959 and published in 1963. 10 Presumably because the report of the treatment had been published only in journals written in European languages other than English.
    Several comparable cases have been reported. But isolated examples do not give an impression of the size of the problem—something that can come only from studies of the use or avoidance of foreign language materials and contacts in different communicative situations. In the English-speaking scientific world, for example, surveys of books and documents consulted in libraries and other information agencies have shown that very little foreign-language material is ever consulted. 11
    Studies of the sources cited in publications lead to a similar conclusion; the use of foreign language sources is often found to be as low as 10 percent.
    12 British industry, in particular, has in recent decades often been criticized for its linguistic insularity for its assumption that foreign buyers will be happy to communicate in English and that awareness of other languages is not therefore a priority. In the 1960s, over two-English-speaking customers were using English for outgoing correspondence; many had their sales literature only in English; and as many as 40 per cent employed no one able to communicate in the customers’ languages.
    13 And non-English-speaking countries were by no means exempt, although the widespread use of English as an alternative language made them less open to the charge of insularity. The criticism and publicity given to this problem since the 1960s seems to have greatly improved the situation. 14
    Many firms now have their own translation services; to take just one example in Britain, Rown-tree Mackintosh now publish their documents in six languages (English, French, German, Dutch, Italian and Xhosa). Some firms run part-time language courses in the languages of the countries with which they are most involved; some produce their own technical glossaries, to ensure consistency when material is being translated. It is now much more readily appreciated that marketing efforts can be delayed, damaged, or disrupted by a failure to take account of the linguistic needs of the customer.
    Their changes in awareness have been most marked in English-speaking countries, where the realization has gradually dawned that by no means everyone in the world knows English well enough to negotiate in it. This is especially a problem when English is not an official language of public administration, as in most parts of the Far East, Russia, Eastern Europe, the Arab world; Latin America and French-speaking Africa. Even in cases where foreign customers can speak English quite well, it is often forgotten that they may not be able to understand it to the required level; bearing in mind the regional and social variation which permeates speech and which can cause major problems of listening comprehension.
A. Although communication problems of this kind must happen thousands of times each day, very few receive people’s concern.
B. Library requests in the field of science and technology showed that only 13 percent were for foreign language periodicals.
C. Industrial training schemes have promoted an increase in linguistic and cultural awareness.
D. Why had the American doctors not heard of it seven years later?
E. Common language here usually means a foreign language, but the same point applies in principle to any encounter with unfamiliar dialects or styles within a single language.
F. A similar problem was identified in other English-speaking countries, notably the USA, Australia and England.
G. In securing understanding, how "we" speak to "them" is just as important, it appears, as how "they" speak to "us".
H. The language barrier presents itself in stark form to firms who wish to market their products in other countries.
选项
答案H
解析 此空之后的一句话在谈论英国工业界常因盲目自大而受到指责，那么，H句意思是：语言障碍使得许多企业在开展国外业务时，常采取僵化的态度。因此，填入H句正好。
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