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  3. In an effort to alleviate America’s increasing dependence on foreign oil and mitigate the worst effects of the current power cri

In an effort to alleviate America’s increasing dependence on foreign oil and mitigate the worst effects of the current power cri

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问题     In an effort to alleviate America’s increasing dependence on foreign oil and mitigate the worst effects of the current power crisis, Sens Frank Murkowski and John Breaux recently introduced the National Security Energy Act of 2001.
    While the bill contains a wide array of provisions, including everything from $ 1 billion for the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program to the promotion of alternative fuel vehicles, the most controversial measure calls for opening a small portion of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) for oil and gas exploration.
    Liberals have already gone to war over the measure, charging that the potential resources in ANWR are negligible, that drilling in ANWR will have calamitous effects on the environment, and that any oil and gas that does come out of the area will arrive too late to solve any of the energy challenges consumers currently face.
    Yet such arguments simply don’ t stand up to the evidence. In the first place, no one actually knows how much oil is available. A 1998 survey by the U. S. Geological Survey estimated that there are between 4. 3 and 11.8 billion barrels of oil within the area that could be recovered. Even using the low estimate, this would still be enough to supply all of the energy needs of the United States for nearly two-thirds of a year, more than enough to merit further exploration into the ANWR environment.
    Moreover, there is little evidence that the environment will be harmed by such activity. The New York Times Science Section recently pointed out that innovations in technology and technique have greatly reduced the environmental "footprint" left by oil exploration in general, and Mr. Murkowski estimates that the development resulting from even a large ANWR oil field would cover only about three square miles. Since drilling began in the Prudhoe Bay oil field, the herds of nearby caribou have greatly increased in size. Populations of nesting migratory birds have also gotten larger, "Over the past 20 years, the population of polar bears has remained exceedingly healthy," according to Mr. Murkowski.
    Helping the public is the primary reason for such drilling, even if the oil won’t reach the market for months after the first well is capped. In the long-term, oil from ANWR will help lower energy prices, alleviate long-term energy shortages and reduce America’s dependence on foreign oil.
    Currently, about 55 percent of America’s dally oil consumption of almost 20 million barrels comes from foreign sources--700, 000 from Iraq. According to the Department of Energy, this dependence could grow to 64 percent by 2020. By then, the Center for Strategic and International Studies suggests, "fully 50 percent of estimated total global oil demand will be met from countries that pose a high risk of internal instability."
    America needs long-term solutions to its domestic energy needs and a smart start would be by exploring the resources at ANWR.
Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?
选项 A、It is no easy job to solve the problem of energy shortages in the US.
B、Oppositions to the resources exploitations at ANSR are far-fetched.
C、Drilling at ANWR will alleviate US dependence on foreign oil supplies.
D、Evidence shows up that the ANSR program will harm the environment.
答案D
解析 题干问：“根据文章，下面哪项是不正确的?”首先，选项A“解决美国能源短缺的问题并不是那么容易”，根据第3自然段最后一句的内容以及第7自然段的归纳，该选项是正确的。选项B“对于在北极国家野生动物保护区开采石油的反对意见有点牵强附会”，第4自然段和第5自然段都说了反对意见没有充分的证据和理由，因此该选项也是正确的。选项C“在北极国家野生动物保护区开采可以减少美国对外国石油供给的依赖”，这是文章各段反复强调的中心。选项 D“证据表明这个北极国家野生动物保护区开采计划将会对环境造成损害”，根据第5自然段的第1句，该选项与原文信息相反。本题选的是错误的选项，因此应选D。
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