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  3. Experts have long known that children imitate many of the deeds—good and bad—that they see on television. But it has rarely been

Experts have long known that children imitate many of the deeds—good and bad—that they see on television. But it has rarely been

admin2015-03-20  98
问题     Experts have long known that children imitate many of the deeds—good and bad—that they see on television. But it has rarely been shown that changing a young child’ s viewing habits at home can lead to improved behavior.
    In a study published Monday in the journal Pediatrics, researchers reported the results of a program designed to limit the exposure of preschool children to violence-laden videos and television shows and increase their time with educational programming that encourages empathy. They found that the experiment reduced the children’s aggression toward others, compared with a group of children who were allowed to watch whatever they wanted.
    "Here we have an experiment that proposes a potential solution," said Thomas Robinson, a professor of pediatrics at Stanford, who was not involved in the study. "Giving this intervention— exposing kids to less adult television, less aggression on television and more prosocial television— will have an effect on behavior."
    While the research showed "a small to moderate effect" on the preschoolers’ behavior, he added, the broader public health impact could be "very meaningful."
    The new study was a randomized trial, rare in research on the effects of media on children. The researchers, at Seattle Children’s Research Institute and the University of Washington, divided 565 parents of children ages 3 to 5 into two groups. Both were told to track their children’s media consumption in a diary that the researchers assessed for violent, didactic and prosocial content, which they defined as showing empathy, helping others and resolving disputes without violence.
    The control group was given advice only on better dietary habits for children. The second group of parents were sent program guides highlighting positive shows for young children. They also received newsletters encouraging parents to watch television with their children and ask questions during the shows about the best ways to deal with conflict. The parents also received monthly phone calls from the researchers, who helped them set television-watching goals for their preschoolers.
    The researchers surveyed the parents at six months and again after a year about their children’s social behavior. After six months, parents in the group receiving advice about television-watching said their children were somewhat less aggressive with others, compared with those in the control group. The children who watched less violent shows also scored higher on measures of social competence, a difference that persisted after one year.
    Low-income boys showed the most improvement, though the researchers could not say why. Total viewing time did not differ between the two groups.
    "The key message for parents is it’s not just about turning off the TV; it’s about changing the channel," said Dr. Dimitri Christakis, the lead author of the study and a professor of pediatrics at the University of Washington.
    The new study has limitations, experts noted. Data on both the children’ s television habits and their behavior was reported by their parents, who may not be objective. And the study focused only on media content in the home, although some preschool-aged children are exposed to programming elsewhere.

选项
答案G
解析 根据题干关键词limitations of the study定位到最后一段。本段介绍了该研究的两个局限：Data on引出第一个局限，下一句的And引出第二个局限。题干要求找出其中之一。根据Data on both the children’s television habits and their behavior was reported by theirparents，who may not be objective可知，父母在报告数据时可能不够客观，故G项“父母可能会有一些主观。”为正确答案。选项中subjective(主观的)是对not objective(不够客观)的同义替换。
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