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  3. A paper in the Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of physical activity. The

A paper in the Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of physical activity. The

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问题     A paper in the Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of physical activity. The study it describes, led by Pedro Hallal of the Federal University of Pelotas, in Brazil, is the most complete portrait yet of the world’s busy bees and couch potatoes.
    It suggests that nearly a third of adults are not getting enough exercise. That rates of exercise have declined is hardly a new discovery. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, technology and economic growth have conspired to create a world in which the flexing of muscles is more and more an option rather than a necessity.
    But only recently have enough good data been collected from enough places to carry out the sort of analysis Dr. Hallal and his colleagues have engaged in. In all, they were able to pool data from 122 countries, covering 89% of the world’ s population. They considered sufficient physical activity to be 30 minutes of moderate exercise five days a week, 20 minutes of vigorous exercise three days a week, or some combination of the two. There are common themes in different places.
    Unsurprisingly, people in rich countries are less active than those in poor ones, and old people are less active than young ones. Less obviously, women tend to exercise less than men—34% are inactive, compared with 28% of men. But there are exceptions. The women of Iraq and Finland, for example, move more than their male countrymen.
    Six Americans in ten are sufficiently active by Dr. Hallal’ s definition, compared with fewer than four in ten Britons. In an accompanying analysis of people’ s habits, Dr. Hallal found equally wide differences. In South-East Asia fewer than a quarter sit for at least four hours each day; in Europe 64% do. And even neighbors may differ. Only 2% of Swiss walk to work, whereas 23% of Germans do so. These high rates of inactivity are worrying.
    Paradoxically, human beings seem to have evolved to benefit from exercise while eschewing it whenever they can. In a state of nature it would be impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of it to be beneficial, while over-exercising would use up scarce calories to little advantage. But that no longer pertains. According to another paper in the Lancet, insufficient activity these days has nearly the same effect on life expectancy as smoking.
From the findings of the study, we learn that
选项 A、people in poor countries are more inactive than those in wealthy ones.
B、young people move less than the aged.
C、the rates of inactive among women tend to be higher than those of men.
D、in Finland, women exercise more than men in the country.
答案C
解析 根据题干及出题顺序定位到第四段。该段第二句提到“女性通常比男性锻炼得 少”，C项“女性的懒惰率通常比男性的高”与第二句相符，故C项为正确答案。该段第一句 指出“富裕国家的人比那些贫穷国家的人锻炼得更少”，故A项“贫穷国家的人比那些富裕 国家的人更懒惰”说法错误。该段第一句还指出“老人比年轻人锻炼得更少……这一点在 意料之中”，故B项“年轻人比老人运动得少”不符合文意。该段末句举了伊拉克和芬兰的 例子，这两国“女性锻炼得就比本国男性同胞多”，并不是D项“在芬兰，乡村中的女性比男 性锻炼得更多”，故排除。
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