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  3. With Airbus’s giant A380 airliner about to take to the skies, you might think planes could not get much bigger and you would be

With Airbus’s giant A380 airliner about to take to the skies, you might think planes could not get much bigger and you would be

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问题     With Airbus’s giant A380 airliner about to take to the skies, you might think planes could not get much bigger and you would be right. For a given design, it turns (1)_____, there comes a point where the wings become too heavy to generate (2)_____ lift to carry their own weight. (3)_____ a new way of designing and making materials could (4)_____ that problem. Two engineers (5)_____ University College London have devised an innovative way to customise and control the (6)_____ of a material throughout its three dimension al structure.
    In the (7)_____ of a wing, this would make possible a material that is dense, strong and load-bearing at one end, close to the fuselage, (8)_____ the extremities could be made less dense, lighter and more (9)_____. It is like making bespoke materials, (10)_____ you can customise the physical properties of every cubic millimetre of a structure.
    The new technique combines existing technologies in a(n) (11)_____ way. It starts by using finite-element-analysis software, of the type commonly used by engineers, (12)_____ a virtual prototype of the object. The software models the stresses and strains that the object will need to (13)_____ throughout its structure. Using this information it is then (14)_____ to calculate the precise forces acting on millions of smaller subsections of the structure. (15)_____ of these subsections is (16)_____ treated as a separate object with its own set of forces acting on it—and each subsection (17)_____ for a different microstructure to absorb those local forces.
    Designing so many microstructures manually (18)_____ be a huge task, so the researchers apply an optimisation program, called a genetic algorithm, (19)_____. This uses a process of randomisation and trial-and-error to search the vast number of possible microstructures to find the most (20)_____ design for each subsection.

选项 A、properties
B、nature
C、qualities
D、characteristics
答案A
解析 本题的考点为名词的词义辨析。该句是说"…已设计了一种通过其整个三维构造来定制和控制一种材料______的方式"，由句中提到的"三维构造"可知这里讲的是材料的属性问题，所以properties"属性，性质"符合题意。nature"本性，性质"，qualities"质量，品质"，characteristics"特征，特性"都不符合题意。
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