2. 外语
  3. Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we "fit" in society.

Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we "fit" in society.

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问题     Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we "fit" in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.
    The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.
    A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume (服装) of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook (钱 包). Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.
According to the writer, people often assume different statuses______.
选项 A、in order to identify themselves with others
B、in order to better identify others
C、as their mental processes change
D、as the situation changes
答案D
解析 本题问按照本文作者的看法，人们经常给自己设定不同的身份是为了什么。文章反复说明，人们不断地改变自己的身份，是因为在与他人交往的时候，交往的对象、交往的内容、交往时的环境等，即交往时的情况总是在不断地变化的。尤其文章第二段明确指出，我们的身份根据不同的交往对象经常变化，而且一辈子都在变化。我们中的绝大多数人，都能在极短的时间内根据不同的情况采用不同的身份。因此，本题的正确答案应是D“人们会随着环境的变化而给自己设定不同的身份”。
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