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  3. What has been described as the largest ever ransomware attack—a cyber criminal scheme that locks up computer files until victims

What has been described as the largest ever ransomware attack—a cyber criminal scheme that locks up computer files until victims

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问题    What has been described as the largest ever ransomware attack—a cyber criminal scheme that locks up computer files until victims pay a ransom—holds the paradoxical distinction of being both an outrageous success (in terms of its blast radius) as well as an abject failure (in terms of its haul). The malicious software spread so far and wide, jammed up so many IT networks and generated so much panic and chaos that the wrongdoers effectively undid themselves.
   On May 12, the world awoke to the beginnings of hundreds of thousands of old Microsoft Windows based computers’ seizing up as they subjected to a malicious software, appropriately called WannaCry. Within hours, the digital epidemic circled the globe like the Spanish flu, infecting machines running outdated operating systems in some 150 countries, spreading across numerous homes and corporate networks. The attack, which relied on powerful tools believed to have been developed by the NSA and leaked online in April by a group of hackers known as the Shadow Brokers, wormed its way through businesses, hospitals and governments, all of which found themselves suddenly locked out of their own systems.
   Researchers detected the wave quickly, and it wasn’t long before they picked up on the criminals’ self-defeating mistakes. The attackers failed to assign each victim a separate Bitcoin wallet , researchers noted, a critical error that meant they would not be able to easily track ransom payments. They neglected to automate the money collection in a way that would scale. And then there was the matter of the kill switch.
   No one is quite certain why the attackers coded a self-destruct button into their software, yet that’s precisely what they did. Marcus Hutchins, a 22-year-old security researcher based in England who goes by MalwareTech, stumbled on the power plug largely by accident. After taking lunch on that Friday afternoon, he inspected the malware and noticed a specific web address encoded within. Curious, he registered the domain for less than $ 11. This simple act stopped the malware, killing the virus’ ability to spread and buying time for organizations to upgrade their software and deploy protections.
According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true about WannaCry?
选项 A、It spread only through domestic networks.
B、It was a software developed by the NSA.
C、It infected computers in few countries.
D、It was deliberately created by some hackers.
答案D
解析 细节题。根据题干关键词WannaCry定位到第二段第三行。实际上该段的malicious software，digital epidemic，the attack这些词都是指WannaCry这一勒索软件。选项[A]来自the digital epidemic…spreading across numerous homes and corporate networks一句，该项的only through domestic networks过于绝对，而且是原文的片面表述，故该项错误。选项[B]来自The attack，which relied on powerful tools believed to have been developed by the NSA…其中developed by the NSA修饰的是tools，而不是the attack(即WannaCry恶意软件)，故该项属于偷换概念。选项[C]来自the digital epidemic…infecting machines running outdated operating systems in some 150 countries，其中some 150 countries意思是“大约150个国家”，而该项变成few countries，否定了原文意思。选项[D]对应原文The attack…leaked online in April by a group of hackers一句，其中the attack指WannaCry，leaked online=deliberately created，by a group of hackers=by some hackers，该项与原文形成同义替换，故[D]为本题答案。
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