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  3. Children are spending an increasing amount of time using computers. Computers are now found in most classrooms, and in the major

Children are spending an increasing amount of time using computers. Computers are now found in most classrooms, and in the major

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问题     Children are spending an increasing amount of time using computers. Computers are now found in most classrooms, and in the majority of homes, almost always with internet access. However, many studies of children’s use of computers show that there are possible negative effects. This essay will explain the possible negative effects of computer use on children, focusing on the effects on family and peer relationships and the increased tendency towards violent behavior.
    Computer use may negatively affect social relationship between children and their parents. Because children spend so much time on computers, they often know more about advanced computer use than their parents. According to Subrahmanvam and his colleagues(2001)this often leads to a role reversal, where the child becomes a teacher to the parent. In other words, it is often the case a highly computer technology. This can lead to a reduction in parental authority. Moreover, with the anonymity of online communication, computer users do not know if they are talking to a child or an adult, so all users are treated equally(Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). Children may then expect the same equality in real life, further contributing to a breakdown in the parent-children relationship(Subrahmanyam et al, 2001).
    Children’s peer relationships can also be negatively affected by extensive computer use. Since computers are more likely to be used in isolation by children, they spend little time integrating with their peers(Shields & Behrman, 2001). As a result, children may not develop the social skills they need, or be able to maintain friendships in the real world(Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). With the very extended computer use, this isolation from the real world can lead to loneliness and even depression(Shields & Behrman, 2001).
    A disturbing possible effect of computer use on children is the link between computer games and violence. Current research has already documented a strong link between violent films and television and aggressive behavior in children, so it is reasonable to believe that a similar link will be found between violent behavior in children and violence in computer games(Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). However, as Shields Behrman(2001)points out, it is important to note that although the games may affect all children, children who prefer violent games could be most affected.
    In conclusion, using a computer. particularly for extended periods, may affect the parent-children relationship in families. It could also result in children not learning the social skills they need to interact with peers and maintain friendships. Moreover, it seems likely that playing violent computer games is linked to violence in children. Although the research is not conclusive, it appears that extended use of computers could have a negative effect on children’s social development.
Which is the best reason for the reduction of parental authority according to the passage?
选项 A、Children become teachers to their parents.
B、Parents are fossilized in new technology.
C、Children expect for an equal status with their parents.
D、Parents’ roles are being shrunk by the computer.
答案D
解析 题干：根据文章描述，哪一个是家长权威减少的最大原因?从第二段的主题句可知，该段讲的是电脑对孩子与父母关系的负面影响。由于孩子比他们的父母能掌握更多的电脑技术，因此导致了父母与孩子角色的互换，从而降低了家长的权威性。因此，本题正确答案为D。
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