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  3. I often think of culture in terms of the"iceberg concept"commonly used in educational studies, with its small visible tip and hu

I often think of culture in terms of the"iceberg concept"commonly used in educational studies, with its small visible tip and hu

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问题    I often think of culture in terms of the"iceberg concept"commonly used in educational studies, with its small visible tip and huge mass below the surface. Most people tend to view only the surface aspects of culture, sometimes known as the five F’s: food, fashion, festivals, folklore, and flags. But of course culture goes deeper than that. It is other 95 percent below the surface of which we need to be aware.
    Deep culture (below the surface) includes elements such as child-raising beliefs, concepts of self beauty and personal space, religious rituals and perspectives, eating habits, facial expressions, eye contact work ethic, approaches to problem solving and interpersonal relationships, moral values, world views and personal discipline—to name (more than) a few.
    The children that come into my classroom each year have such a variety of life paths. Looking at their cultural backgrounds with the " iceberg concept" in mind has helped to keep me aware of the aspects of their lives that are not in plain view. And the more I work with the students, the more my awareness of these subtle realms increases.
    Developing cultural competence is a process of inner growth. In order for me to be as effective as possible with the students I work with, I must continuously engage in a process of self-reflection. To be able to know others, especially diverse others, one must know the self. So the growth of a culturally competent educator starts there. We must look within for a deeper understanding of who we are before we can adequately address the needs of our students.
    This investigation should include our core beliefs, hidden biases and our religious perspectives. Developing cultural competence is also a process that comes with experience and engagement, and with sometimes painful lessons that highlight our limitations and prejudices. To learn about the backgrounds of the students in my class takes time and effort: it involves reading about their countries of origin, visiting their homes and meeting family members, connecting with parents, developing relationships with community members and organizations, and going to cultural and religious festivals. By learning about my students’ lives outside the classroom, I am more prepared to work with them in the classroom.
    Schools don’t exist in vacuums: they are situated within communities. Community involvement helps me understand the socio-cultural backgrounds of my students’ lives and build bridges between the home and school. This exposure helps challenge my own perspective and biases.
    This journey of establishing a multicultural learning community in my classroom with a foundation of respect for all cultures is ever changing and evolving. Children bring to the classroom rich cultural life experiences, so why not tap into it? This involves a continuous process of research about the lives of the children in my classroom, as well as of my own interpretations and perspectives. The differences of culture are complex and continually changing, but it makes our classroom a natural place to learn.
It can be inferred that most people view culture as 5F’s because they______.
选项 A、can be observed easily
B、belong to deep culture
C、go deeper below the surface
D、are the most important elements
答案A
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Most people tend to view only the surface aspects of culture，sometimes known as the five F’s：food，fashion，festivals，folklore，and flags”，可知正确答案为A。
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