2. 考研
  3. Even ancient Egypt’s mighty pyramid (金字塔) builders were powerless in the face of the famine (饥荒) that helped bring down their ci

Even ancient Egypt’s mighty pyramid (金字塔) builders were powerless in the face of the famine (饥荒) that helped bring down their ci

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问题     Even ancient Egypt’s mighty pyramid (金字塔) builders were powerless in the face of the famine (饥荒) that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 B. C. Now evidence collected from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame—- and the same or worse could happen today.
    The ancient Egyptians depended on the Nile’s annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons (季风) southwards out of Ethiopia would have reduced these floods.
    Declining rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stabilize the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment (沉积) from the White Nile.
    Blue Nile mud has a different isotope (同位素) signature from that of the white Nile. So by analyzing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta. Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river.
    Krom reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of Blue Nile mud in the river would be relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4500 to 4200 years ago. immediately came before the fall of the Egypt’s old Kingdom.
    The weakened waters would have been disaster for the Egyptians. "Changes that affect food supply don’t have to be very large to have a ripple (波浪) effect in societies," says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York.
    Similar events today could be even more devastating, says team member Daniel Stanley. A scientist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D. C. "Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically."  
Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for bringing down the civilization of ancient Egypt?
选项 A、Change of climate.
B、Corruption.
C、Flood.
D、Population growth.
答案A
解析 第一段中的一个句子：…a shift in climate…was ultimately to blame…最终归咎于气候的变化。在第一题的题解中，我们提到了“饥荒”与“古埃及文明毁灭”的关系。但“饥荒”是表层的因素，“气候的变化”才是古埃及文明毁灭的深层的因素。故答案为A。
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