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  3. What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, like myself, in the fortunate position of being workers

What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, like myself, in the fortunate position of being workers

admin2016-02-26  83
问题     What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, like myself, in the fortunate position of being workers? At a guess I would say sixteen per cent, and I do not think that figure is likely to get bigger in the future.
    Technology and the division of labor have done two things: by eliminating in many fields the need for special strength or skill, they have made a very large number of paid occupations which formerly were enjoyable work into boring labor, and by increasing productivity they have reduced the number of necessary laboring hours. It is already possible to imagine a society in which the majority of the population, that is to say, its laborers, will have almost as much leisure as in earlier times was enjoyed by the aristocracy. When one recalls how aristocracies in the past actually behaved, the prospect is not cheerful. Indeed, the problem of dealing with boredom may be even more difficult for such a future mass society than it was for aristocracies. The latter, for example, ritualized their time; there was a season to shoot grouse, a season to spend in town, etc. The masses are more likely to replace an unchanging ritual by fashion which changes as often as possible in the economic interest of certain people. Again, the masses cannot go in for hunting, for very soon there would be no animals left to hunt. For other aristocratic amusements like gambling, dueling, and warfare, it may be only too easy to find equivalents in dangerous driving, drug-taking, and senseless acts of violence. Workers seldom commit acts of violence, because they can put their aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist. The role of aggression in mental work is aptly expressed by the phrase "getting one’s teeth into a problem".
What can be inferred from the passage about special strength and skill?
选项 A、Special strength and skill must be abandoned if people want to enjoy their work.
B、Special strength and skill are necessary for people to find their work enjoyable.
C、Special strength or skill causes work to be boring
D、Special strength or skill reduces the number of necessary labouring hours.
答案B
解析 信息推断题。文中第二段首句提及技术和劳动的分工，通过在许多领域取消了特别才能和技术的需要，把过去本来令人愉快的大量受雇职业的工作变成了令人厌倦的劳动，言外之意，那些需要特殊才能和技术的工作可以给劳动者带来快乐，故答案为B。
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