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  3. Excess inventory, a massive problem for many businesses, has several causes, some of which are unavoidable. Overstocks may accum

Excess inventory, a massive problem for many businesses, has several causes, some of which are unavoidable. Overstocks may accum

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问题     Excess inventory, a massive problem for many businesses, has several causes, some of which are unavoidable. Overstocks may accumulate through production overruns or errors. Certain styles and colors prove unpopular. With some products—computers and software, toys, and books—last year s models are difficult to move even at huge discounts. Occasionally the competition introduces a better product. But in many cases the public’s buying tastes simply change, leaving a manufacturer or distributor with thousands(or mil- lions)of items that the fickle public no longer wants.
    One common way to dispose of this merchandise is to sell it to a liquidator, who buys as cheaply as possible and then resells the merchandise through catalogs, discount stores, and other outlets. However, liquidators may pay less for the merchandise than it cost to make it. Another way to dispose of excess in- ventory is to dump it. The corporation takes a straight cost write-off on its taxes and hauls the merchandise to a landfill. Although it is hard to believe, there is a sort of convoluted logic to this ap- proach. It is perfectly legal, requires little time or preparation on the company’s part, and solves the problem quickly. The drawback is the remote possibility of getting caught by the news media. Dumping perfectly useful products can turn into a public relations nightmare. Children living in poverty are freezing and XYZ Company has just sent 500 new snowsuits to the local dump. Parents of young children are barely getting by and QPS Company dumps 1,000 cases of disposable diapers because they have slight imperfections. The managers of these companies are not deliberately wasteful; they are simply unaware of all their alternatives. In 1976 the Internal Revenue Service provided a tangible incentive for businesses to contribute their products to charity. The new tax law allowed corporations to deduct the cost of the product donated plus half the difference between cost and fair market selling price, with the proviso that deductions cannot exceed twice cost. Thus, the federal government sanctions—indeed, encourages;—an above-cost federal tax deduction for companies that donate inventory to charity.
The passage provides information that supports which of the following statements:
选项 A、Excess inventory results most often from insufficient market analysis by the manufacturer.
B、Products with slight manufacturing defects may contribute to excess inventory.
C、Few manufacturers have taken advantage of the changes in the federal tax laws.
D、Manufacturers who dump their excess inventory are often caught and exposed by the news media.
E、Most products available in discount stores have come from manufacturers’ excess-inventory stock.
答案B
解析 作者支持下面哪个观点?A．“insufficient market analysis”，原文未提。B．正确。缺陷的产品可能成为积压品。见L4～5。C．易混。很少有生产者利用联邦税法的改变。文章只是说一些倾倒积压品的生产者没有了解此项规定，未提其他生产者。范围差异问题。D．“often”不对，原文“remote possibilities”。E．大部分降价商品都是从过量库存中来的。情理有，原文无。
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