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  3. Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It speeded up physica

Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It speeded up physica

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问题     Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It speeded up physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it【C1】______the inherent instability of urban life.【C2】______opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the buses,【C3】______. commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more【C4】______from city centers than they were in the pre-modern era In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay【C5】______two miles from the old business district; by the turn of the century the【C6】______extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still【C7】______there for work, shopping, and【C8】______. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city【C9】______an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now【C10】______as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago,【C11】______of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the city limits【C12】______within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers【C13】______800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years—lots that could have housed five to six million people.
    Of course, many were never【C14】______; there was always a huge surplus of subdivided, but vacant, land around Chicago and other cities. These【C15】______present a feature of residential expansion【C16】______the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was【C17】______by thousands of small investors who paid little care to coordinated land use or to【C18】______land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders【C19】______transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this【C20】______. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth.
【C2】
选项 A、Among
B、Before
C、By
D、Without
答案C
解析 根据下文，居住区相对于现代化之前向外扩展了2至4倍，这是大量开发无人居住的土地以扩建住宅这一手段带来的。故选C项By“通过”，表示方式、手段。
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