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  3. Ten years ago, Joe Allen began studying a diverse group of seventh graders near the University of Virginia, where he’s a profess

Ten years ago, Joe Allen began studying a diverse group of seventh graders near the University of Virginia, where he’s a profess

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问题     Ten years ago, Joe Allen began studying a diverse group of seventh graders near the University of Virginia, where he’s a professor. One of Allen’s main concerns was how these kids dealt with peer pressure, and how deeply they felt the pressure to conform to what the crowd was doing.
    According to every pop theory of adolescence, peer pressure is peril. Being able to resist it should be considered a sign of character strength. But a funny thing happened as Allen continued to follow these kids every year for the next 10 years: the kids who felt more peer pressure when they were 12 or 13 were turning out better.
    Notably, they had much higher-quality relationships with friends, parents, and romantic partners. Their need to fit in, in the early teens, later manifested itself as a willingness to accommodate—a necessary component of all reciprocal relationships. The self-conscious kid who spent seventh grade convinced that everyone was watching her learned to be attuned to subtle changes in others’ moods. Years down the road, that heightened sensitivity lead to empathy and social adeptness. Meanwhile, those kids who did not feel much peer pressure to smoke, drink, and shoplift in seventh grade didn’t turn out to be the independent-minded stars we’d imagine. Instead, what was notable about them was that within five years they had a much lower GPA(Grade-Point Average)—almost a full grade lower. The kid who could say no to his peers turned out to be less engaged, all around, socially and academically. Basically, if he was so detached that he didn’t care what his peers thought, he probably wasn’t motivated by what his parents or society expected of him, either.
    Allen has found that vulnerability(脆弱性)to peers’ influence can be just as much of an asset as it is a liability. Many of the pressures felt by teens pull them in a good direction—they feel pressure to do well in school, pressure to not act childish, and pressure to be athletic. "We think of susceptibility to peer pressure as only a danger, but, really, it’s out of peer pressure that boys learn to take showers and not come to school smelly.
    Allen—co-author of the forthcoming book Escaping the Endless Adolescence—has come to the conclusion that the dangers of peer pressure are somewhat overblown. Particularly when it comes to the archetypal(典型的)portrayal of peer pressure: kids forcing each other to experiment with drugs and alcohol. Allen argues that in those instances, more often than not, it isn’t peer pressure that is at work, but instead the operative factor is peer selection.
    "The pressure to smoke and drink is less than we thought, " concludes Allen. "To a parent, it seems like your child is suddenly smoking and drinking, and it’s reasonable to think this was caused by the new kids he’s been hanging out with the last month. But really, those who are about to smoke or drink pick other kids in a similar spot. " Teens give each other subtle cues that they’re ready to deviate: it could be nothing more than ignoring the Pledge of Allegiance(效忠誓言)or a well-timed snicker while the teacher’s at the blackboard. By the time one says, "Let’s hang out after school, " the plot is already in motion.
The kids who did not feel much peer pressure turn out to be______.
选项 A、better in handling relationships with others
B、much worse in studying than those who did
C、independent-minded as we’d imagined
D、motivated to become the person they are expected
答案B
解析 推理题。根据第三段第六句“关于他们，值得注意的是五年中他们得到的是更低的平均分——差不多低整整一个等级”可知，[B]”比起那些感受到同伴压力的学生来，他们在学习上糟糕得多”正确，故为答案。第三段第一句提到“明显地，他们与朋友、父母和恋人之间的关系质量更高”是针对“the kids who felt more peer pressure”而言的，所以[A]”在处理与他人关系中做得更好”不符合文意，故排除；又由本段第五句“同时，那些没有感到很多同伴压力而抽烟、喝酒和从商店偷窃的七年级孩子们并没有变成我们想象中的有主见的明星”可知，[C]”像我们想象的一样有主见”也与文意不符，排除；再由本段最后一句“总的来说，如果他很孤立以至于他根本不在乎同伴的想法的话，很可能他的父母或社会对他的期望也无法激励他”可知，[D]”被激励成为他们被期望成为的人”也是错误的，排除。
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